EGY · North Africa
Egypt
Most populous Arab country, Suez Canal controller, military as structuring institution. Currency crisis partly resolved through Gulf and IMF support.
Data refreshed on 2026.05.10 · source: Wikidata
Composite reading — institute
Vigilance
4.4 /10 risk
- Security 0.0
- Legitimacy 2.3
- Economy 3.5
- Diplomacy 7.0
- Influence 5.0
Security: 0 stable → 10 unstable · others: 0 weak → 10 strong. Computed from V-Dem, FH, CPI, RSF, World Bank, SIPRI, sanctions.
- Capital
- Cairo
- Population
- 110,000,000 inh.
- Area
- 1,001,450 km²
- Currency
- EGP
- Regime
- Presidential republic
Executive in office
Head of State
Abdel Fattah al-Sissi
Head of Government
Moustafa Madbouli
Economic indicators World Bank · 2025
GDP
389 G$
GDP / capita
3,338 $
Growth
2.4 %
Inflation
28.3 %
Unemployment
6.8 %
Defense / GDP
0.7 %
Life expectancy
71.8 yrs
Military capabilities Wikipedia · IISS Military Balance résumés
Active
438 000
Reserve
479 000
Paramilitary
397 000
Land
- 1,130 M1A1 Abrams Char (US)
- 1,700 M60 Patton Char (US, ancien)
- 700 M2 Bradley VCI
Air
- 218 F-16C/D Chasseur (US)
- 54 Rafale Chasseur (FR)
- 46 MiG-29M/M2 Chasseur (RUS)
- 18 Mirage 2000 Chasseur (FR)
- — Su-35 Chasseur (commande RUS, livraisons gelées)
Naval
- 2 BPC Mistral (ex-russes Vladivostok/Sébastopol) Porte-hélicoptères
- 1 Frégate FREMM Tahya Misr Frégate
- 1 Frégate Bergamini (sino-italienne) Frégate
- 4 Sous-marins Type 209/1400 Sous-marin (allemand)
Armed forces 5 units listed · Wikidata
Division
4th Armoured Division
Division
Republican Guard
Division
الفرقة القومية للفنون الشعبية
Bataillon
الكتيبة 103 صاعقة
Bataillon
الكتيبة 20 مظلات
Nuclear posture
Capacité latente potentielle
Strategic chokepoints 2 control point(s)
- contrôle Canal de Suez 12% du commerce maritime mondial · 30% du trafic conteneurs
- borde Détroit de Tiran Sortie golfe d'Aqaba
Governance indices V-Dem · Freedom House · CPI · RSF · 2024
Democracy (V-Dem)
0.13/1
Freedoms (Freedom House)
18/100
Corruption (CPI)
35/100
Press freedom (RSF)
27/100
Military posture SIPRI · 2023
Global spending rank
#25
Annual budget
7.2 Md$
Defense effort
1.7 %PIB
Trade dependencies OEC · UN Comtrade · 2023
Exports
49 Md$
Imports
84 Md$
Balance
-35 Md$
Top exports
- 19.0% Pétrole raffiné + brut 9 Md$
- 7.0% Or 3 Md$
- 5.0% Engrais (urée) 2 Md$
Top imports
- 8.0% Pétrole brut 7 Md$
- 6.0% Blé 5 Md$
- 6.0% Voitures + pièces 5 Md$
Export partners
-
Émirats arabes unis
9.0%
-
Italie
8.5%
-
États-Unis
8.0%
-
Turquie
8.0%
Import partners
-
Chine
16.0%
-
Russie
7.5%
-
Arabie saoudite
7.0%
Diplomatic alignment UNGA 2020-2024 · Bailey-Strezhnev-Voeten
Vote concordance with each power at UN General Assembly.
-
USA
30%
-
GBR
32%
-
FRA
36%
-
DEU
36%
-
RUS
60%
-
CHN
65%
-
IRN
64%
Abstention: 22%
Key treaties UN Treaty Collection · IAEA · ICRC · OPCW
-
✓
NPT
-
◐
CTBT
-
✗
TPNW
-
◐
Rome Statute
-
✓
Genocide
-
✓
Geneva
-
✗
Ottawa Mine Ban
-
✗
Oslo Cluster Munitions
-
◐
Arms Trade Treaty
-
✓
Paris Agreement
Political calendar Wikipedia · IFES · NDI
Upcoming
-
2030-12
Présidentielle
3e mandat al-Sissi (révision constit.)
Last election
-
2023-12-12
Présidentielle
Abdel Fattah al-Sissi 89.6% — participation 66.8%
Last institutional rupture 2013 (al-Sissi renverse Morsi)
Society · human UNDP HDI · WID · UNHCR
HDI
0.728/1
Top 10% (wealth)
58.2 %
Gini
31.5
Refugees hosted
850,000
Soudanais en hausse rapide depuis 2023
Disputed recognitions curé éditorial · UN Member States
Recognizes
- Palestine
Does not recognize
- Kosovo
Alliances
- Ligue arabe
- OCI
- Union africaine
- BRICS+
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