Institute tool
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Identity
Regime
Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Capital
Ottawa
Population
41,000,000
Area
9,984,670 km²
Currency
CAD
Executive
Head of State
Charles III
2022
2022
Head of Government
Mark Carney
2025
2025
Cabinet (size)
8
Parliament
448 seats
2 chamber(s)
2 chamber(s)
Governance
V-Dem (0-1)
0.84
#16
#16
Freedom House
97/100
Free
Free
CPI corruption
75/100
#16
#16
Press RSF
78/100
#20
#20
Economy
GDP (B$)
2320 Md$
2025
2025
GDP / capita
55,698 $
2025
2025
Growth %
1.7 %
2025
2025
Inflation %
2.1 %
2025
2025
Unemployment %
6.9 %
2025
2025
Defense & nuclear
Defense budget
37.5 Md$
1.6 %PIB · #16
1.6 %PIB · #16
Nuclear posture
nato_protected
Listed military units
128
International posture
Sanctions
—
Chokepoints
Passage du Nord-Ouest
Alliances
G7 · G20 · OTAN · USMCA · Five Eyes · Commonwealth · UN · OECD · WTO · OSCE · Francophonie (OIF) · APEC · OAS
Alignment USA · RUS · CHN
90% · 14% · 22%
UN vote
UN vote
Treaties ratified (of 10)
9/10