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Iceland

ISL · Europe

Iceland

Iceland is a Nordic island country between the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean, located on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between Europe and North America. It is Europe's westernmost and most sparsely populated country.

Summary from Wikipédia (CC BY-SA 4.0)

compare with…

Data refreshed on 2026.11.04 · source: Wikidata

The Institute's composite reading

Vigilance

4.2 /10 risk

  • Security 0.0
  • Legitimacy 8.4
  • Economy 6.5
  • Diplomacy 4.0
  • Influence 0.0

Security: 0 stable → 10 unstable · others: 0 weak → 10 strong. Computed from V-Dem, FH, CPI, RSF, World Bank, SIPRI, sanctions.

Listings linked to the country by nationality or address: United States 1 (list of 2026.10.27).

Capital
Reykjavik
Population
391,810 inh.
Area
103,000 km²
Currency
ISK
Regime
parliamentary republic

Executive in office

Head of State

Halla Tómasdóttir

since 2024.08.01 indépendant

Head of Government

Kristrún Mjöll Frostadóttir

since 2024.12.21 Alliance

Government in office · 10 members

ministre des Affaires étrangères

Þórdís Kolbrún R. Gylfadóttir

since 2024.04.09 Parti de l'indépendance Foreign affairs

Minister of Finance and Economic Affairs (Iceland)

Bjarni Benediktsson

since 2017.11.30 Parti de l'indépendance Finance

ministre de la Justice et des Affaires ecclésiastiques

Þorbjörg Sigríður Gunnlaugsdóttir

since 2024.12.21 Viðreisn Justice

Minister of Education and Children (Iceland)

Ásmundur Einar Daðason

since 2021.11.28 Mouvement des verts et de gauche Education

Minister of Higher Education, Science and Innovation (Iceland)

Áslaug Arna Sigurbjörnsdóttir

since 2021.11.28 Parti de l'indépendance Education

ministre de la Santé

Willum Þór Þórsson

since 2021.11.28 Parti du progrès Health

Minister of Culture and Business Affairs (Iceland)

Lilja Dögg Alfreðsdóttir

since 2021.11.28 Parti du progrès

Minister of Infrastructure (Iceland)

Sigurður Ingi Jóhannsson

since 2021.11.28 Parti du progrès

ministre de l'Environnement et des Ressources naturelles

Guðlaugur Þór Þórðarson

since 2021.11.28 Parti de l'indépendance

ministre de la Pêche et de l'Agriculture

Svandís Svavarsdóttir

since 2021.11.28 Mouvement des verts et de gauche

Parliament

Althing

63 seats

Social Democratic Alliance Social Democratic Alliance Social Democratic Alliance Social Democratic Alliance Social Democratic Alliance Social Democratic Alliance Social Democratic Alliance Social Democratic Alliance Social Democratic Alliance Social Democratic Alliance Social Democratic Alliance Social Democratic Alliance Social Democratic Alliance Social Democratic Alliance Social Democratic Alliance Independence Party Independence Party Independence Party Independence Party Independence Party Independence Party Independence Party Independence Party Independence Party Independence Party Independence Party Independence Party Independence Party Independence Party Liberal Reform Party Liberal Reform Party Liberal Reform Party Liberal Reform Party Liberal Reform Party Liberal Reform Party Liberal Reform Party Liberal Reform Party Liberal Reform Party Liberal Reform Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Progressive Party Progressive Party Progressive Party Progressive Party Progressive Party Independent politician Independent politician

Chair Steingrímur J. Sigfússon

Inception 1918

  • Social Democratic Alliance 15
  • Independence Party 14
  • Liberal Reform Party 10
  • People's Party 9
  • Centre Party 8
  • Progressive Party 5
  • Independent politician 2

Composition · Wikipedia (CC BY-SA) · 2026.11.04

Economic indicators World Bank · 2025

GDP

39 G$

2025 ↑ +16.3 % vs 2024

GDP / capita

98,323 $

2025 ↑ +14.5 % vs 2024

Growth

1.3 %

2025 ↑ +2.6 pt vs 2024

Inflation

4.1 %

2025 ↓ -1.8 pt vs 2024

Unemployment

3.6 %

2025 ↑ +0.0 pt vs 2024

Debt / GDP

80.1 %

2023 ↓ -5.0 pt vs 2022

Defense / GDP

0.0 %

2025 · +0.0 pt vs 2024

Life expectancy

82.8 yrs

2024 ↑ +0.4 % vs 2023

Governance indices V-Dem 2025 · Freedom House 2026 · CPI 2025 · RSF 2026

Democracy (V-Dem)

0.81/1

#26 liberal democracy 2025

Freedoms (Freedom House)

95/100

Free 2026

Corruption (CPI)

77/100

#102025

Press freedom (RSF)

83/100

#122026

Trade dependencies OEC · UN Comtrade · 2023

Exports

7 Md$

Imports

9 Md$

Balance

-2 Md$

Top exports

  • Aluminium
  • Poisson

Top imports

  • Pétrole raffiné

Export partners

Import partners

Diplomatic alignment UNGA 2020-2024 · Bailey-Strezhnev-Voeten

Vote concordance with each power at UN General Assembly.

  • USA 86%
  • GBR 91%
  • FRA 95%
  • DEU 95%
  • RUS 12%
  • CHN 22%

Abstention: 8%

Political calendar Institute · Wikipedia · 2026-11-04

Last election

  • 2026-08-29

    Referendum

    Yes 47.2%, no 52.8%

    Result read from Wikipedia on 2026.11.04 (CC BY-SA)

Society · human UNDP HDI 2023 · World Bank · WID · UNHCR 2025

HDI

0.972/1

#12023

Gini

26.8

low2019

Refugees hosted

8,459

UNHCR 2025

National anthem

Lofsöngur

Composer · Sveinbjörn Sveinbjörnsson

Alliances and organisations Institut · Wikidata

  • UN
  • NATO
  • Schengen Area
  • OECD
  • WTO
  • Council of Europe
  • OSCE
  • EFTA
  • Nordic Council

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Global attention Wikipedia · 90 days

The country's Wikipedia article is usually read 5,071 times a day (French and English). On 2026.11.03: 4,121, or ×0.8.

French + English French usual level 2026.08.06 · 2026.11.03 Wikimedia statistics (CC0), human users

Sources and freshness

  • Executive, government, parliament, anthem · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-11-04
  • Economy · World Bank (CC BY 4.0) · 2025
  • Indices and figures · V-Dem 2026 (OWID) · Freedom House 2026 (OWID) · Transparency International CPI 2025 · RSF 2026 · PNUD IDH 2025 (OWID) · Banque mondiale Gini 2019 · UNHCR 2025 · read on 2026-11-04
  • Memberships · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-11-04
  • Political calendar · Institute and Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0) · 2026-11-04
  • Sanctions · US Treasury (OFAC), SDN and non-SDN lists · list of 2026-10-27 · read on 2026-11-04
  • Sanctions · United Kingdom, UK Sanctions List (FCDO) · list of 2026-11-03 · read on 2026-11-04
  • Sanctions · European Union, consolidated financial sanctions list · list of 2026-10-23 · read on 2026-11-04
  • Institute dossier (sanctions, treaties, visits, capabilities) · as of 2026-05-01
  • Summary · Wikipédia (CC BY-SA 4.0)