CHN · East Asia
People's Republic of China
Second-largest economy, leading industrial power, permanent UNSC member. Pursuing 'dual circulation' strategy and overseas expansion via the Belt and Road Initiative.
Data refreshed on 2026.10.08 · source: Wikidata
Points to watch 2026.10.09
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Alert
Sanctions targeting the country: United States (3 regimes, 108 listings). UN, OFAC, FCDO, EU · 2026.10.02
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Context
Nuclear power: 620 estimated warheads. FAS
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Context
Not free according to Freedom House (score 9/100). Freedom House 2025
Drawn automatically from the file's layers, sources shown; no hand-written text. JSON
The Institute's composite reading
Vigilance
3.8 /10 risk
- Security 2.5
- Legitimacy 1.8
- Economy 7.0
- Diplomacy 4.5
- Influence 10.0
Security: 0 stable → 10 unstable · others: 0 weak → 10 strong. Computed from V-Dem, FH, CPI, RSF, World Bank, SIPRI, sanctions.
UN list of 2026.10.07: 1 person and 6 entities linked to the country by nationality or a known address. Regimes: Democratic People's Republic of Korea (6), ISIL (Da'esh) and Al-Qaida (1).
Listings linked to the country by nationality or address: United States 1,314 (list of 2026.10.02), United Kingdom 125 (list of 2026.10.07), EU 52 (list of 2026.09.22).
- Capital
- Beijing
- Population
- 1,410,000,000 inh.
- Area
- 9,596,961 km²
- Currency
- CNY
- Regime
- Single-party socialist republic
Executive in office
Head of State
Xi Jinping
Head of Government
Li Qiang
Government in office 24 members
ministre des Affaires étrangères
Wang Yi
ministre de la Défense nationale
Dong Jun
Minister of Finance of the People's Republic of China
Lan Fo'an
ministre de la Justice de la république populaire de Chine
He Rong
ministre de l'Éducation de la République populaire de Chine
Huai Jinpeng
Minister of the National Health Commission
Lei Haichao
Chairman of the National Development and Reform Commission
Zheng Shanjie
Minister of Commerce of the People's Republic of China
Wang Wentao
Minister of Culture and Tourism of the People's Republic of China
Sun Yeli
Minister of Ecology and Environment
Huang Runqiu
Minister of Emergency Management
Wang Xiangxi
Minister of General Administration of Customs
Sun Meijun
Minister of Housing and Urban-Rural Development
Ni Hong
Minister of Human Resources and Social Security
Wang Xiaoping
Minister of Natural Resources of the People's Republic of China
Guan Zhiou
Minister of Transport of the People's Republic of China
Liu Wei
Minister of Veterans Affairs of the People's Republic of China
Pei Jinjia
Minister of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China
Li Guoying
Ministre de l'Agriculture et des Affaires Rurales
Han Jun
ministre de l'Industrie et des Technologies de l'information de la république populaire de Chine
Li Lecheng
ministre de la Sécurité de l’État de la République populaire de Chine
Chen Yixin
ministre de la Sécurité publique de la république populaire de Chine
Wang Xiaohong
ministre des Affaires civiles
Lu Zhiyuan
ministre des Sciences et Technologies
Yin Hejun
Parliament
Assemblée nationale populaire
2,987 seats
Chair Zhao Leji
Inception 1954
Economic indicators World Bank · 2025
GDP
19.50 T$
GDP / capita
13,862 $
Growth
5.0 %
Inflation
0.1 %
Unemployment
4.6 %
Defense / GDP
1.7 %
Life expectancy
78.0 yrs
Military bases Institute · Wikipedia
active rotational or scaled down uncertain closed or handed over
Register kept by the Institute, updated 2026.10.08; coordinates and links read from Wikipedia.
Abroad 2
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1
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2
Access, no declared baseReam Naval Base
Cambodia · Sihanoukville
Renovated with Chinese funds; Chinese ships berthed since late 2023. Phnom Penh denies hosting any foreign base.
Military capabilities Wikipedia · IISS Military Balance résumés
Active
2,035 000
Reserve
510 000
Paramilitary
660 000
Land
- 1,200 Type 99/99A Char de combat
- 2,500 Type 96/96A Char
- 1,500 Type 04 / ZBD-04 VCI
- 380 PLZ-05 Artillerie auto.
- 200 DF-26 Missile balistique IRBM
Air
- 240 J-20 Mighty Dragon Chasseur 5e gén.
- 350 J-16 Chasseur multirôle
- 280 J-10C Chasseur
- 350 J-11/Su-27 dérivés Chasseur
- 150 H-6K/N Bombardier (porteur de missiles)
Naval
- 3 Liaoning · Shandong · Fujian Porte-avions
- 6 SNLE Type 094 SNLE
- 9 SNA Type 093 SNA
- 8 Type 055 (croiseur) Croiseur Aegis-équiv.
- 30 Type 052D Destroyer
- 30 Type 054A Frégate
- 3 Type 075 (LHD) Porte-hélicoptères amphibie
Marine la plus nombreuse au monde en navires (>340) depuis 2020.
Armed forces 20 units listed · Wikidata
Show the 20 units · raw Wikidata list, which does not always flag a disbanded unit
Armée
Central Theater Command Ground Force
Armée
Eastern Theater Command Ground Force
Armée
Northern Theater Command Ground Force
Armée
Southern Theater Command Ground Force
Armée
Western Theater Command Ground Force
Armée
Zhurihe Training Base
Flotte
China's dark fleet
Flotte
Flotte de la mer de l'Est
Flotte
Flotte de la mer du Nord
Flotte
Flotte de la mer du Sud
Division
217th Division
Division
22nd Division
Division
45th Airborne Division
Division
87th Division
Brigade
195th Combined Arms Brigade
Régiment
78e régiment de Xian de Tekes
Régiment
Wutong Town
Régiment
Xinkailing Town
Régiment
bourg de Changfeng
Bataillon
PLA Hong Kong Garrison Honour Guard Battalion
Nuclear posture
Puissance nucléaire P5 (TNP)
620 estimated warheads · FAS 2026 since 1964
No-first-use · arsenal en expansion rapide
Triad
- ICBM
- SLBM / SNLE
- Strategic aviation
Strategic chokepoints 3 control point(s)
- revendique Détroit de Taïwan Critique pour les semi-conducteurs mondiaux
- revendique (9 traits) Mer de Chine méridionale 30% du commerce maritime mondial
- dépend Détroit de Malacca 80% des importations pétrolières chinoises transitent
Governance indices V-Dem 2025 · Freedom House 2026 · CPI 2025 · RSF 2026
Democracy (V-Dem)
0.07/1
Freedoms (Freedom House)
9/100
Corruption (CPI)
43/100
Press freedom (RSF)
14/100
Military posture SIPRI · 2025
Global spending rank
#2
Annual budget
335.0 Md$
Defense effort
1.7 %PIB
Strategic minerals USGS · production / réserves mondiales
- #1 Terres rares 70 % 2024
- #1 Tungstène 81 % 2024
- #1 Antimoine 48 % 2024
- #1 Magnésium 89 % 2024
- #1 Gallium 98 % 2024
- #1 Germanium 60 % 2024
- #1 Graphite naturel 79 % 2024
Trade dependencies OEC · UN Comtrade · 2023
Exports
3,380 Md$
Imports
2,560 Md$
Balance
820 Md$
Top exports
- 6.4% Téléphones / smartphones 217 Md$
- 4.6% Ordinateurs portables 156 Md$
- 4.4% Circuits intégrés 149 Md$
- 3.4% Voitures électriques + pièces 115 Md$
- 3.1% Panneaux solaires + batteries 105 Md$
Top imports
- 13.8% Circuits intégrés 354 Md$
- 13.2% Pétrole brut 338 Md$
- 4.7% Minerai de fer 120 Md$
- 2.6% Gaz naturel (LNG + pipeline) 67 Md$
- 2.3% Soja 59 Md$
Export partners
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États-Unis
14.8%
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Hong Kong
7.6%
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Japon
4.6%
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Corée du Sud
4.4%
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Vietnam
4.2%
Import partners
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Taïwan
8.4%
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Corée du Sud
6.6%
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Japon
6.2%
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États-Unis
6.5%
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Australie
5.6%
Diplomatic alignment UNGA 2020-2024 · Bailey-Strezhnev-Voeten
Vote concordance with each power at UN General Assembly.
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USA
18%
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GBR
21%
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FRA
22%
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DEU
22%
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RUS
86%
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CHN
100%
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IND
58%
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BRA
51%
Abstention: 11% · Absences: 1%
Key treaties UN Treaty Collection · IAEA · ICRC · OPCW
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✓
NPT
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◐
CTBT
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✗
TPNW
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✗
Rome Statute
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✓
Genocide
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✓
Geneva
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✗
Ottawa Mine Ban
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✗
Oslo Cluster Munitions
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✗
Arms Trade Treaty
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✓
Paris Agreement
Bilateral visits, last 24 months Wikipedia · communiqués officiels
Outgoing visits
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2025-05-09
Russie · Bilatéral + 80 ans Victoire
Xi-Poutine · pétrole, gaz, technologie
Incoming visits
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2025-09-03
Kim Jong Un · défilé militaire Pékin
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2024-12-26
To Lam · communauté de destin
Political calendar Institute · Wikipedia · 2026-10-08
Upcoming
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2027-10
20e Congrès PCC (renouvellement)
Xi Jinping en place — réélection probable
Last election
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2023-03
ANP — élection présidentielle
Xi Jinping 3e mandat (unanimité)
Society · human UNDP HDI 2023 · World Bank · WID · UNHCR 2025
HDI
0.797/1
Top 10% (wealth)
67.8 %
Gini
36.0
Refugees hosted
230
Refugees originating
153,962
Disputed recognitions curé éditorial · UN Member States
Does not recognize
- Kosovo
- Taïwan indépendance
Defense industry SIPRI Top 100 · sites officiels
Arms export rank
#4
5% du marché mondial
Doctrine
Livre blanc 2019 — défense nationale dans la nouvelle ère
Prime contractors
- NORINCO
- AVIC
- CSSC (cantiers)
- CETC (électronique)
- CASIC (missiles)
Key platforms
- J-10C
- Type 052D/055
- HQ-9 (S-300 dérivé)
- DF-21D ASBM
- Wing Loong
National anthem
La Marche des Volontaires
Alliances and organisations Institut · Wikidata
- BRICS
- OCS
- G20
- Conseil de sécurité ONU
- UN
- WTO
- APEC
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Global attention Wikipedia · 90 days
The country's Wikipedia article is usually read 13,338 times a day (French and English). On 2026.10.07: 12,713, or ×1.0.
French + English French usual level 2026.07.10 · 2026.10.07 Wikimedia statistics (CC0), human users
Sources and freshness
- Executive, government, parliament, anthem · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-10-08
- Economy · World Bank (CC BY 4.0) · 2025
- Indices and figures · V-Dem 2026 (OWID) · Freedom House 2026 (OWID) · Transparency International CPI 2025 · RSF 2026 · PNUD IDH 2025 (OWID) · Banque mondiale Gini 2022 · UNHCR 2025 · SIPRI 2026 (OWID) · FAS 2026 (OWID) · read on 2026-10-08
- Memberships · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-10-08
- Political calendar · Institute and Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0) · 2026-10-08
- UN sanctions · Security Council consolidated list · list of 2026-10-07 · read on 2026-10-08
- Sanctions · US Treasury (OFAC), SDN and non-SDN lists · list of 2026-10-02 · read on 2026-10-08
- Sanctions · United Kingdom, UK Sanctions List (FCDO) · list of 2026-10-07 · read on 2026-10-08
- Sanctions · European Union, consolidated financial sanctions list · list of 2026-09-22 · read on 2026-10-08
- Institute dossier (sanctions, treaties, visits, capabilities) · as of 2026-05-01