MDG · Africa
Madagascar
Madagascar, officially the Republic of Madagascar, is an island country in the Indian Ocean that includes the island of Madagascar and numerous smaller peripheral islands. Lying off the southeastern coast of Africa, it is the world's fourth-largest island, the second-largest island country, and the 46th-largest country overall.
Summary from Wikipédia (CC BY-SA 4.0)
Data refreshed on 2026.10.08 · source: Wikidata
Points to watch 2026.10.09
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Context
New head of government since 2026.03.15: Mamitiana Rajaonarison, replacing Ruphin Zafisambo. Wikidata
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Context
New head of state since 2025.10.14: Michael Randrianirina, replacing Andry Rajoelina. Wikidata
Drawn automatically from the file's layers, sources shown; no hand-written text. JSON
The Institute's composite reading
Risque élevé
5.0 /10 risk
- Security 0.0
- Legitimacy 4.0
- Economy 6.0
- Diplomacy 5.0
- Influence 0.0
Security: 0 stable → 10 unstable · others: 0 weak → 10 strong. Computed from V-Dem, FH, CPI, RSF, World Bank, SIPRI, sanctions.
- Capital
- Antananarivo
- Population
- 31,727,042 inh.
- Area
- 587,041 km²
- Currency
- MGA
- Regime
- republic
Executive in office
Head of State
Michael Randrianirina
Head of Government
Mamitiana Rajaonarison
Government in office 2 members
ministre de la Santé de Madagascar
Managna Monira
ministre de l'Aménagement du territoire
Lylison René de Rolland
Parliament
Assemblée nationale
160 seats
Sénat
18 seats
Economic indicators World Bank · 2025
GDP
20 G$
GDP / capita
599 $
Growth
3.0 %
Inflation
8.1 %
Unemployment
3.0 %
Defense / GDP
0.7 %
Life expectancy
63.8 yrs
Governance indices V-Dem 2025 · Freedom House 2026 · CPI 2025 · RSF 2026
Democracy (V-Dem)
0.36/1
Freedoms (Freedom House)
50/100
Corruption (CPI)
25/100
Press freedom (RSF)
51/100
Military posture SIPRI · 2025
Global spending rank
#130
Annual budget
0.1 Md$
Defense effort
0.6 %PIB
Trade dependencies OEC · UN Comtrade · 2023
Exports
3 Md$
Imports
5 Md$
Balance
-2 Md$
Top exports
- 15% Vanille
- 13% Nickel + cobalt
Top imports
- 18% Pétrole raffiné
Export partners
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États-Unis
21%
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France
21%
Diplomatic alignment UNGA 2020-2024 · Bailey-Strezhnev-Voeten
Vote concordance with each power at UN General Assembly.
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USA
29%
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GBR
31%
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FRA
36%
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DEU
36%
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RUS
58%
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CHN
71%
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IND
67%
Abstention: 25%
Political calendar Institute · Wikipedia · 2026-10-08
Upcoming
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2028-11
Présidentielle
Last election
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2023-11-16
Présidentielle
Andry Rajoelina 58.95%
Last institutional rupture 2009 (Rajoelina contre Ravalomanana)
Society · human UNDP HDI 2023 · World Bank · WID · UNHCR 2025
HDI
0.487/1
Gini
36.8
Refugees hosted
87
Refugees originating
637
National anthem
Ry Tanindrazanay malala ô
Alliances and organisations Institut · Wikidata
- UN
- WTO
- Francophonie (OIF)
- African Union
- SADC
- IOC
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Global attention Wikipedia · 90 days
The country's Wikipedia article is usually read 4,654 times a day (French and English). On 2026.10.07: 4,705, or ×1.0.
French + English French usual level 2026.07.10 · 2026.10.07 Wikimedia statistics (CC0), human users
Sources and freshness
- Executive, government, parliament, anthem · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-10-08
- Economy · World Bank (CC BY 4.0) · 2025
- Indices and figures · V-Dem 2026 (OWID) · Freedom House 2026 (OWID) · Transparency International CPI 2025 · RSF 2026 · PNUD IDH 2025 (OWID) · Banque mondiale Gini 2021 · UNHCR 2025 · SIPRI 2026 (OWID) · read on 2026-10-08
- Memberships · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-10-08
- Political calendar · Institute and Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0) · 2026-10-08
- Sanctions · US Treasury (OFAC), SDN and non-SDN lists · list of 2026-10-02 · read on 2026-10-08
- Sanctions · United Kingdom, UK Sanctions List (FCDO) · list of 2026-10-07 · read on 2026-10-08
- Sanctions · European Union, consolidated financial sanctions list · list of 2026-09-22 · read on 2026-10-08
- Institute dossier (sanctions, treaties, visits, capabilities) · as of 2026-05-01
- Summary · Wikipédia (CC BY-SA 4.0)