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L'Aube Étoilée's watch institute

Issue2026 · 282 Today2026.10.09 FR
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India

IND · South Asia

India

Most populous country, fifth-largest economy, doctrine of 'multi-aligned non-alignment'. Military modernization and autonomous space program.

compare with…

Data refreshed on 2026.10.08 · source: Wikidata

Points to watch 2026.10.09

  • Context

    Nuclear power: 190 estimated warheads. FAS

Drawn automatically from the file's layers, sources shown; no hand-written text. JSON

The Institute's composite reading

Stable

2.4 /10 risk

  • Security 1.5
  • Legitimacy 4.3
  • Economy 8.5
  • Diplomacy 6.9
  • Influence 9.7

Security: 0 stable → 10 unstable · others: 0 weak → 10 strong. Computed from V-Dem, FH, CPI, RSF, World Bank, SIPRI, sanctions.

UN list of 2026.10.07: 1 person and 0 entities linked to the country by nationality or a known address. Regime: ISIL (Da'esh) and Al-Qaida.

Listings linked to the country by nationality or address: United States 188 (list of 2026.10.02), United Kingdom 21 (list of 2026.10.07), EU 6 (list of 2026.09.22).

Capital
New Delhi
Population
1,430,000,000 inh.
Area
3,287,263 km²
Currency
INR
Regime
Federal parliamentary republic

Executive in office

Draupadi Murmu

Head of State

Draupadi Murmu

since 2022.07.25 Bharatiya Janata Party

Narendra Modi

Head of Government

Narendra Modi

since 2014.05.26 Bharatiya Janata Party

Government in office 4 members

Subrahmanyam Jaishankar

ministre des Affaires extérieures

Subrahmanyam Jaishankar

since 2019.05.30 Bharatiya Janata Party Foreign affairs

Rajnath Singh

ministre de la Défense

Rajnath Singh

since 2019.05.31 Bharatiya Janata Party Defence

Nirmala Sitaraman

ministre des finances de l'Inde

Nirmala Sitaraman

since 2019.05.31 Bharatiya Janata Party Finance

Ashwini Vaishnaw

ministre des Chemins de fer

Ashwini Vaishnaw

since 2021.07.07 Bharatiya Janata Party

Parliament

Lok Sabha

545 seats

Rajya Sabha

233 seats

Chair C. P. Radhakrishnan

Economic indicators World Bank · 2025

GDP

3.96 T$

2025 ↑ +5.2 % vs 2024

GDP / capita

2,702 $

2025 ↑ +4.3 % vs 2024

Growth

7.6 %

2025 ↑ +0.5 pt vs 2024

Inflation

2.4 %

2025 ↓ -2.6 pt vs 2024

Unemployment

4.2 %

2025 ↑ +0.0 pt vs 2024

Debt / GDP

46.5 %

2018

Defense / GDP

2.3 %

2024 ↓ -0.1 pt vs 2023

Life expectancy

72.2 yrs

2024 ↑ +0.3 % vs 2023

Military bases Institute · Wikipedia

active rotational or scaled down uncertain closed or handed over

Register kept by the Institute, updated 2026.10.08; coordinates and links read from Wikipedia.

Abroad 1

  1. 1

    Agaléga

    Mauritius · Îles Agaléga

    Air · since 2024 · Wikipédia ↗

    Airstrip and jetty built by India, opened in February 2024.

    Access, no declared base

Closed or handed over 1

  1. 2

    Ayni Air Base

    Tajikistan · Ayni, près de Douchanbé

    Air · until 2022 · Wikipédia ↗

    Indian withdrawal completed in 2022, made public in 2025.

    Closed or handed over

Military capabilities Wikipedia · IISS Military Balance résumés

Active

1,455 000

Reserve

1,155 000

Paramilitary

1,605 000

Land

  • 1,300 T-90 Bhishma Char (russe modernisé)
  • 2,400 T-72 Ajeya Char
  • 124 Arjun Mk1A Char indigène
  • 1,500 BMP-2 Sarath VCI
  • 100 K9 Vajra-T (licence ROK) Artillerie
  • — BrahMos Missile cruise supersonique (avec RUS)

Air

  • 260 Su-30MKI Chasseur
  • 50 Mirage 2000H Chasseur
  • 65 MiG-29UPG Chasseur
  • 36 Rafale Chasseur (commande mer 26 supplémentaires)
  • 40 Tejas Mk1/Mk1A Chasseur indigène

Naval

  • 2 INS Vikramaditya + INS Vikrant Porte-avions
  • 2 INS Arihant SNLE indigène
  • 6 Sous-marins classe Kalvari (Scorpène) Sous-marin
  • 4 Destroyer classe Visakhapatnam Destroyer
  • 3 Frégate classe Shivalik Frégate

Armed forces 57 units listed · Wikidata

Navy 3 Army 2 Air Force 45
Show the 57 units · raw Wikidata list, which does not always flag a disbanded unit

Flotte

Eastern Fleet

1971

Flotte

Western Fleet

1968

Commandement

Commandement Andaman et Nicobar

2001

Commandement

Defence Cyber Agency

2018

Commandement

Southern Naval Command

Commandement

Strategic Forces Command

Division

11e division d'infanterie (Inde)

1940

Division

23e division d'infanterie (Inde)

Division

Armed Forces Special Operations Division

Régiment

51st Armoured Regiment

Régiment

61 Cavalry

Régiment

Régiments gorkhas (Inde)

Escadron aérien

Air HQ Communication Squadron, Indian Air Force

Escadron aérien

INAS 300

Escadron aérien

INAS 339

Escadron aérien

INAS 551

Escadron aérien

No. 1 Squadron

Escadron aérien

No. 10 Squadron IAF

1944

Escadron aérien

No. 101 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 102 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 106 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 108 Squadron

Escadron aérien

No. 14 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 15 Squadron IAF

1951

Escadron aérien

No. 16 Squadron IAF

1950

Escadron aérien

No. 17 Squadron IAF

1951

Escadron aérien

No. 18 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 2 Squadron

Escadron aérien

No. 20 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 21 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 220 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 221 Squadron

Escadron aérien

No. 222 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 223 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 23 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 24 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 25 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 26 Squadron, Indian Air Force

Escadron aérien

No. 27 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 28 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 31 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 37 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 4 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 43 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 44 Squadron IAF

1961

Escadron aérien

No. 45 Squadron

Escadron aérien

No. 47 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 50 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 51 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 59 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 6 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 7 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 77 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 8 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 81 Squadron IAF

2013

Escadron aérien

No. 87 Squadron IAF

Escadron aérien

No. 9 Squadron IAF

Nuclear posture

Puissance nucléaire hors TNP

190 estimated warheads · FAS 2026 since 1974

No-first-use officiel · credible minimum deterrent

Strategic chokepoints 1 control point(s)

  • borde Détroit de Malacca Andamans-Nicobar

Governance indices V-Dem 2025 · Freedom House 2026 · CPI 2025 · RSF 2026

Democracy (V-Dem)

0.38/1

#104 electoral autocracy 2025

Freedoms (Freedom House)

62/100

Partly Free 2026

Corruption (CPI)

39/100

#912025

Press freedom (RSF)

32/100

#1572026

Military posture SIPRI · 2025

Global spending rank

#5

SIPRI 2025

Annual budget

93.2 Md$

2025USD constants 2024

Defense effort

2.3 %PIB

2025

Strategic minerals USGS · production / réserves mondiales

  • #2 Mica 2024
  • #5 Manganèse 2024

Trade dependencies OEC · UN Comtrade · 2023

Exports

432 Md$

Imports

678 Md$

Balance

-246 Md$

Top exports

  • Pétrole raffiné 79 Md$
  • Diamants taillés + bijoux 29 Md$
  • Médicaments 26 Md$
  • Riz + céréales 12 Md$

Top imports

  • Pétrole brut 179 Md$
  • Or 32 Md$
  • Charbon 31 Md$
  • Diamants bruts 20 Md$

Export partners

Import partners

Pétrole russe = 35% des imports pétroliers (vs 0.2% avant 2022).

Diplomatic alignment UNGA 2020-2024 · Bailey-Strezhnev-Voeten

Vote concordance with each power at UN General Assembly.

  • USA 42%
  • GBR 41%
  • FRA 47%
  • DEU 47%
  • RUS 67%
  • CHN 58%
  • BRA 65%

Abstention: 28%

Key treaties UN Treaty Collection · IAEA · ICRC · OPCW

  • ✗

    NPT

    1968 Not party

  • ✗

    CTBT

    1996 Not party

  • ✗

    TPNW

    2017 Not party

  • ✗

    Rome Statute

    1998 Not party

  • ✓

    Genocide

    1948 Ratified

  • ✓

    Geneva

    1949 Ratified

  • ✗

    Ottawa Mine Ban

    1997 Not party

  • ✗

    Oslo Cluster Munitions

    2008 Not party

  • ✗

    Arms Trade Treaty

    2013 Not party

  • ✓

    Paris Agreement

    2015 Ratified

Bilateral visits, last 24 months Wikipedia · communiqués officiels

Outgoing visits

  • 2025-02-13

    États-Unis · Bilatéral

    Modi-Trump · tarifs, F-35, immigration

Incoming visits

  • 2025-09-01

    Chine

    Wang Yi · dégel post-Galwan

Political calendar Institute · Wikipedia · 2026-10-08

Upcoming

  • 2029-04

    Lok Sabha (générale)

    Bilan Modi 3

Last election

  • 2024-06-04

    Lok Sabha

    BJP 240 (Modi) — coalition NDA 293/543 · turnout 65.8%

    Recul BJP — coalition obligée

Society · human UNDP HDI 2023 · World Bank · WID · UNHCR 2025

HDI

0.685/1

#1312023

Top 10% (wealth)

64.6 %

WID

Gini

25.5

low2022

Refugees hosted

238,643

UNHCR 2025

Refugees originating

42,610

UNHCR 2025

Disputed recognitions curé éditorial · UN Member States

Recognizes

  • Palestine

Does not recognize

  • Kosovo
  • Crimée russe

Defense industry SIPRI Top 100 · sites officiels

Arms export rank

#23

0.4% du marché mondial

Doctrine

Atmanirbhar Bharat (autonomie) — substitution d'imports

Prime contractors

  • HAL
  • BEL
  • Bharat Dynamics
  • Mazagon Dock
  • L&T Defence

Key platforms

  • Tejas
  • Arjun Mk1A
  • BrahMos (avec RUS)
  • Akash

National anthem

Jana-Gana-Mana

Composer · Rabîndranâth Tagore

Alliances and organisations Institut · Wikidata

  • BRICS
  • OCS
  • G20
  • QUAD
  • UN
  • WTO
  • Commonwealth

Loading news feed…

Global attention Wikipedia · 90 days

The country's Wikipedia article is usually read 16,394 times a day (French and English). On 2026.10.07: 13,660, or ×0.9.

French + English French usual level 2026.07.10 · 2026.10.07 Wikimedia statistics (CC0), human users

Sources and freshness

  • Executive, government, parliament, anthem · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-10-08
  • Economy · World Bank (CC BY 4.0) · 2025
  • Indices and figures · V-Dem 2026 (OWID) · Freedom House 2026 (OWID) · Transparency International CPI 2025 · RSF 2026 · PNUD IDH 2025 (OWID) · Banque mondiale Gini 2022 · UNHCR 2025 · SIPRI 2026 (OWID) · FAS 2026 (OWID) · read on 2026-10-08
  • Memberships · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-10-08
  • Political calendar · Institute and Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0) · 2026-10-08
  • UN sanctions · Security Council consolidated list · list of 2026-10-07 · read on 2026-10-08
  • Sanctions · US Treasury (OFAC), SDN and non-SDN lists · list of 2026-10-02 · read on 2026-10-08
  • Sanctions · United Kingdom, UK Sanctions List (FCDO) · list of 2026-10-07 · read on 2026-10-08
  • Sanctions · European Union, consolidated financial sanctions list · list of 2026-09-22 · read on 2026-10-08
  • Institute dossier (sanctions, treaties, visits, capabilities) · as of 2026-05-01

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