ESP · Southern Europe
Spain
Fourth-largest eurozone economy, hinge between Hispanic America and the Euro-Mediterranean space. Fragile governing coalition, Catalan dossier reopened.
compare with…
Data refreshed on 2026.11.04 · source: Wikidata
Points to watch
2026.11.04
Drawn automatically from the file's layers, sources shown; no hand-written text.
JSON
The Institute's composite reading
Security
0.0
Legitimacy
7.6
Economy
5.5
Diplomacy
6.4
Influence
4.0
Security: 0 stable → 10 unstable · others: 0 weak → 10 strong.
Computed from V-Dem, FH, CPI, RSF, World Bank, SIPRI, sanctions.
UN list of 2026.11.03:
1 person and 0 entities
linked to the country by nationality or a known address.
Regime:
Sudan.
Listings linked to the country by nationality or address:
United States 61 (list of 2026.10.27), United Kingdom 1 (list of 2026.11.03).
Capital
Madrid
Population
48,000,000 inh.
Area
505,992 km²
Currency
EUR
Regime
Parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Executive in office
Head of State
Philippe VI d'Espagne
since 2014.06.19
Head of Government
Pedro Sánchez
since 2018.06.02
Parti socialiste ouvrier espagnol
Government in office
· 5 members
ministre de la Défense
Margarita Robles
since 2023.11.21
Parti socialiste ouvrier espagnol
Defence
ministre des Finances
Arcadi España Garcia
since 2026.03.27
Parti socialiste ouvrier espagnol
Finance
Minister of Education and Vocational Training
Milagros Tolón
since 2025.12.22
Parti socialiste ouvrier espagnol
Education
Minister for Ecological Transition
Sara Aagesen
since 2024.11.25
porte-parole du gouvernement espagnol
Elma Saiz Delgado
since 2025.12.22
Parti socialiste ouvrier espagnol
Parliament
Congrès des députés
350 seats
People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Vox Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Sumar Republican Left of Catalonia Republican Left of Catalonia Republican Left of Catalonia Republican Left of Catalonia Republican Left of Catalonia Republican Left of Catalonia Republican Left of Catalonia Junts per Catalunya Junts per Catalunya Junts per Catalunya Junts per Catalunya Junts per Catalunya Junts per Catalunya Junts per Catalunya Euskal Herria Bildu Euskal Herria Bildu Euskal Herria Bildu Euskal Herria Bildu Euskal Herria Bildu Euskal Herria Bildu Mixed Group Mixed Group Mixed Group Mixed Group Mixed Group Mixed Group Basque Nationalist Party Basque Nationalist Party Basque Nationalist Party Basque Nationalist Party Basque Nationalist Party Mixed Group Mixed Group Mixed Group
People's Party PP
137
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party PSOE
121
Vox
32
Sumar
26
Republican Left of Catalonia ERC
7
Junts per Catalunya
7
Euskal Herria Bildu
6
Mixed Group
6
Basque Nationalist Party EAJ/PNV
5
Mixed Group
3
Composition · Wikipedia (CC BY-SA) · 2026.11.04
Sénat
267 seats
People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party People's Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Spanish Socialist Workers' Party Left for Independence Left for Independence Left for Independence Left for Independence Left for Independence Left for Independence Left for Independence Left for Independence Left for Independence Basque Nationalist Party Basque Nationalist Party Basque Nationalist Party Basque Nationalist Party Basque Nationalist Party Junts per Catalunya Junts per Catalunya Junts per Catalunya Junts per Catalunya Vox Vox Vox Más Madrid Pacte Progressista Gomera Socialist Group Geroa Bai Compromís Galician Nationalist Bloc Canarian Coalition Independent Herrenian Group Navarrese People's Union
Inception 1977
People's Party PP
145
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party PSOE
91
Left for Independence
9
Basque Nationalist Party PNV
5
Junts per Catalunya
4
Vox
3
Más Madrid MM
1
Pacte Progressista EiFS
1
Gomera Socialist Group ASG
1
Geroa Bai GBai
1
Compromís
1
Galician Nationalist Bloc BNG
1
3 more groups
Canarian Coalition CCa
1
Independent Herrenian Group AHI
1
Navarrese People's Union UPN
1
Composition · Wikipedia (CC BY-SA) · 2026.11.04
Economic indicators
World Bank · 2025
GDP
1.91 T$
2025
↑ +10.5 % vs 2024
GDP / capita
38,627 $
2025
↑ +9.3 % vs 2024
Growth
2.8 %
2025
↓ -0.6 pt vs 2024
Inflation
2.7 %
2025
↓ -0.1 pt vs 2024
Unemployment
10.4 %
2025
↓ -1.0 pt vs 2024
Debt / GDP
105.6 %
2024
↓ -1.8 pt vs 2023
Defense / GDP
2.1 %
2025
↑ +0.7 pt vs 2024
Life expectancy
83.9 yrs
2024
↓ -0.1 % vs 2023
Military bases
Institute · Wikipedia
Register kept by the Institute, updated 2026.10.08; coordinates and links read from Wikipedia.
Foreign bases on national soil 1
1
Naval Station Rota
United States of America · Rota, Andalousie
Naval
· since 1953
· Wikipédia ↗
NATO missile-defence destroyers.
Armed forces
115 units listed · Wikidata
Navy
3
Air Force
3
Show the 115 units
· raw Wikidata list, which does not always flag a disbanded unit
Groupe d'armées
Group of Central Region Armies
Groupe d'armées
Group of Eastern Region Armies
Igualada
Flotte
Spanish Coastguard
Commandement
Canary Islands Air Command
îles Canaries
Commandement
Command of Engineers of the Spanish Army
Commandement
Commandement des opérations spéciales
Commandement
Defence Staff
1984
Commandement
General Air Command
2004
Commandement
Joint Canary Islands Command
Commandement
Mando Aereo de Combate
base aérienne de Torrejón de Ardoz
Commandement
Mando Conjunto de Operaciones Especiales
2014
Commandement
Mando de Apoyo Logístico del Ejército
Commandement
Mando de Defensa y Operaciones Aéreas
Commandement
Mando de Operaciones
Commandement
Mando de Tropas de Montaña
Commandement
Mando de Vigilancia y Seguridad Marítima
Commandement
Naval Command of the Canary Islands
Commandement
Spanish Army Air Defence Command
Commandement
Spanish Army Signal Command
Commandement
Spanish Army Training and Doctrine Command
Division
"Castillejos" Division
Division
11e division républicaine
1937
Division
17.ª División
Torija
Division
20.ª División
Andújar
Division
21.ª División
Jaén
Division
26th Division
Bujaraloz
1937
Division
35th Division
1937
Division
38.ª División
Hinojosa del Duque
Division
46e division républicaine
Division
5.ª División
El Pardo
+ 55 more units · Wikidata data
Nuclear posture
OTAN, parapluie nucléaire
Strategic chokepoints
1 control point(s)
borde (rive nord)
Détroit de Gibraltar
Avec Maroc
Governance indices
V-Dem 2025 · Freedom House 2026 · CPI 2025 · RSF 2026
Democracy (V-Dem)
0.82/1
#23
liberal democracy
2025
Freedoms (Freedom House)
91/100
Free
2026
Corruption (CPI)
55/100
#49 2025
Press freedom (RSF)
75/100
#29 2026
Military posture
SIPRI · 2025
Global spending rank
#15
SIPRI 2025
Annual budget
37.7 Md$
2025 USD constants 2024
Defense effort
2.1 %PIB
2025
Trade dependencies
OEC · UN Comtrade · 2023
Top exports
11.5%
Voitures + pièces
48 Md$
6.2%
Pétrole raffiné
26 Md$
4.8%
Médicaments
20 Md$
5.2%
Vins + huiles + agroalimentaire
22 Md$
Top imports
8.6%
Pétrole brut
40 Md$
5.5%
Voitures + pièces
25 Md$
4.5%
Gaz naturel
21 Md$
Key treaties
UN Treaty Collection · IAEA · ICRC · OPCW
✓
✓
✗
✓
Rome Statute
1998
Ratified
✓
✓
✓
Ottawa Mine Ban
1997
Ratified
✓
Oslo Cluster Munitions
2008
Ratified
✓
Arms Trade Treaty
2013
Ratified
✓
Paris Agreement
2015
Ratified
Political calendar
Institute · Wikipedia · 2026-11-04
Upcoming
2026-11-29
2027-07
Parliament (due by)
Coalition Sánchez très fragile
Last election
2023-07-23
Parliament
PP 33% > PSOE 31.7% — Sánchez reconduit avec indépendantistes · turnout 70.4%
Society · human
UNDP HDI 2023 · World Bank · WID · UNHCR 2025
Top 10% (wealth)
53.8 %
WID
Refugees hosted
511,079
UNHCR 2025
Refugees originating
186
UNHCR 2025
Disputed recognitions
curé éditorial · UN Member States
Does not recognize
Kosovo Crimée russe Sahara marocain
Defense industry
SIPRI Top 100 · sites officiels
Arms export rank
#11
2% du marché mondial
Doctrine
Directive de défense nationale 2020
Prime contractors
Indra Navantia Airbus DS Spain Santa Bárbara Sistemas
Key platforms
F-100/F-110 S-80 Plus C295 NH90 part
National anthem
Marcha Real
Composer · Manuel de Espinosa
Audio not available
Alliances and organisations Institut · Wikidata
UE OTAN G20 UN Eurozone Schengen Area OECD WTO Council of Europe OSCE
Global attention
Wikipedia · 90 days
The country's Wikipedia article is usually read 8,528 times a day (French and English).
On 2026.11.03: 8,259, or ×1.0.
2026.08.06 · 2026.11.03
Wikimedia statistics (CC0), human users
Sources and freshness
Executive, government, parliament, anthem · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-11-04
Economy · World Bank (CC BY 4.0) · 2025
Indices and figures · V-Dem 2026 (OWID) · Freedom House 2026 (OWID) · Transparency International CPI 2025 · RSF 2026 · PNUD IDH 2025 (OWID) · Banque mondiale Gini 2023 · UNHCR 2025 · SIPRI 2026 (OWID) · read on 2026-11-04
Memberships · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-11-04
Political calendar · Institute and Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0) · 2026-11-04
UN sanctions · Security Council consolidated list · list of 2026-11-03 · read on 2026-11-04
Sanctions · US Treasury (OFAC), SDN and non-SDN lists · list of 2026-10-27 · read on 2026-11-04 Sanctions · United Kingdom, UK Sanctions List (FCDO) · list of 2026-11-03 · read on 2026-11-04 Sanctions · European Union, consolidated financial sanctions list · list of 2026-10-23 · read on 2026-11-04
Institute dossier (sanctions, treaties, visits, capabilities) · as of 2026-05-01
GBR
91%
FRA
96%
DEU
95%
RUS
18%
CHN
24%
ISR
56%