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Finland

FIN · Europe

Finland

Finland, officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It borders Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bothnia to the west and the Gulf of Finland to the south, opposite Estonia.

Summary from Wikipédia (CC BY-SA 4.0)

compare with…

Data refreshed on 2026.11.04 · source: Wikidata

The Institute's composite reading

Vigilance

4.0 /10 risk

  • Security 0.0
  • Legitimacy 9.0
  • Economy 5.5
  • Diplomacy 4.0
  • Influence 1.5

Security: 0 stable → 10 unstable · others: 0 weak → 10 strong. Computed from V-Dem, FH, CPI, RSF, World Bank, SIPRI, sanctions.

Listings linked to the country by nationality or address: United States 21 (list of 2026.10.27), United Kingdom 5 (list of 2026.11.03), EU 4 (list of 2026.10.23).

Capital
Helsinki
Population
5,650,325 inh.
Area
338,455 km²
Currency
EUR
Regime
parliamentary republic

Executive in office

Head of State

Alexander Stubb

since 2024.03.01 Parti de la coalition nationale

Head of Government

Petteri Orpo

since 2023.06.20 Parti de la coalition nationale

Government in office · 15 members

ministre des Affaires étrangères

Elina Valtonen

since 2023.06.20 Parti de la coalition nationale Foreign affairs

ministre de la Défense

Antti Häkkänen

since 2023.06.20 Parti de la coalition nationale Defence

ministre de l'Intérieur

Mari Rantanen

since 2023.06.20 Parti des Finlandais Interior

ministre de l'Économie

Sakari Puisto

since 2025.06.13 Parti des Finlandais Finance

ministre des Finances

Riikka Purra

since 2023.06.20 Parti des Finlandais Finance

ministre de la Justice de la Finlande

Leena Meri

since 2023.06.20 Parti des Finlandais Justice

ministre de l'Éducation de Finlande

Anna-Maja Henriksson

since 2023.06.20 Parti populaire suédois de Finlande Education

ministre finlandais des Affaires sociales et de la Santé

Kaisa Juuso

since 2023.06.20 Parti des Finlandais Health

Ministre de la Jeunesse, des Sports et l'Activité physique

Mika Poutala

since 2025.06.13 Chrétiens-démocrates

ministre de l'Agriculture et des Forêts

Sari Essayah

since 2023.06.20 Chrétiens-démocrates

ministre de l'Environnement

Sari Multala

since 2025.01.24 Parti de la coalition nationale

ministre de la Culture et du Sport

Mari-Leena Talvitie

since 2025.01.24 Parti de la coalition nationale

ministre des Transports et des Communications de Finlande

Lulu Ranne

since 2023.06.20 Parti des Finlandais

ministre du Commerce extérieur et du Développement

Ville Tavio

since 2023.06.20 Parti des Finlandais

ministre du Travail finlandais

Arto Satonen

since 2023.06.20 Parti de la coalition nationale

Parliament

Eduskunta

200 seats

National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party National Coalition Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Finns Party Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Social Democratic Party of Finland Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Centre Party Green League Green League Green League Green League Green League Green League Green League Green League Green League Green League Green League Green League Green League Left Alliance Left Alliance Left Alliance Left Alliance Left Alliance Left Alliance Left Alliance Left Alliance Left Alliance Left Alliance Left Alliance Swedish People's Party of Finland Swedish People's Party of Finland Swedish People's Party of Finland Swedish People's Party of Finland Swedish People's Party of Finland Swedish People's Party of Finland Swedish People's Party of Finland Swedish People's Party of Finland Swedish People's Party of Finland Swedish People's Party of Finland Christian Democrats Christian Democrats Christian Democrats Christian Democrats Christian Democrats Movement Now Timo Vornanen

Chair Anu Vehviläinen

Inception 1906

  • National Coalition Party 48
  • Finns Party 45
  • Social Democratic Party of Finland 43
  • Centre Party 23
  • Green League 13
  • Left Alliance 11
  • Swedish People's Party of Finland 10
  • Christian Democrats 5
  • Movement Now 1
  • Timo Vornanen 1

Composition · Wikipedia (CC BY-SA) · 2026.11.04

Economic indicators World Bank · 2025

GDP

317 G$

2025 ↑ +6.1 % vs 2024

GDP / capita

56,149 $

2025 ↑ +5.6 % vs 2024

Growth

0.2 %

2025 ↓ -0.2 pt vs 2024

Inflation

0.3 %

2025 ↓ -1.2 pt vs 2024

Unemployment

9.5 %

2025 ↑ +1.1 pt vs 2024

Defense / GDP

2.6 %

2025 ↑ +0.4 pt vs 2024

Life expectancy

82.3 yrs

2024 ↑ +0.9 % vs 2023

Governance indices V-Dem 2025 · Freedom House 2026 · CPI 2025 · RSF 2026

Democracy (V-Dem)

0.85/1

#12 liberal democracy 2025

Freedoms (Freedom House)

100/100

Free 2026

Corruption (CPI)

88/100

#22025

Press freedom (RSF)

86/100

#62026

Military posture SIPRI · 2025

Global spending rank

#36

SIPRI 2025

Annual budget

7.6 Md$

2025USD constants 2024

Defense effort

2.6 %PIB

2025

Strategic minerals USGS · production / réserves mondiales

  • #1 Chrome (UE) 2024

Trade dependencies OEC · UN Comtrade · 2023

Exports

81 Md$

Imports

87 Md$

Balance

-6 Md$

Top exports

  • Papier + bois 14 Md$
  • Machines 11 Md$

Top imports

  • Pétrole brut 10 Md$

Export partners

Import partners

Diplomatic alignment UNGA 2020-2024 · Bailey-Strezhnev-Voeten

Vote concordance with each power at UN General Assembly.

  • USA 87%
  • GBR 92%
  • FRA 96%
  • DEU 96%
  • RUS 13%
  • CHN 21%

Abstention: 9%

Political calendar Institute · Wikipedia · 2026-11-04

Upcoming

Society · human UNDP HDI 2023 · World Bank · WID · UNHCR 2025

HDI

0.948/1

#122023

Gini

27.4

low2023

Refugees hosted

102,544

UNHCR 2025

Refugees originating

5

UNHCR 2025

National anthem

Maamme

Composer · Fredrik Pacius

Alliances and organisations Institut · Wikidata

  • UN
  • NATO
  • EU
  • Eurozone
  • Schengen Area
  • OECD
  • WTO
  • Council of Europe
  • OSCE
  • Nordic Council

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Global attention Wikipedia · 90 days

The country's Wikipedia article is usually read 5,154 times a day (French and English). On 2026.11.03: 5,240, or ×1.0.

French + English French usual level 2026.08.06 · 2026.11.03 Wikimedia statistics (CC0), human users

Sources and freshness

  • Executive, government, parliament, anthem · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-11-04
  • Economy · World Bank (CC BY 4.0) · 2025
  • Indices and figures · V-Dem 2026 (OWID) · Freedom House 2026 (OWID) · Transparency International CPI 2025 · RSF 2026 · PNUD IDH 2025 (OWID) · Banque mondiale Gini 2023 · UNHCR 2025 · SIPRI 2026 (OWID) · read on 2026-11-04
  • Memberships · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-11-04
  • Political calendar · Institute and Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0) · 2026-11-04
  • Sanctions · US Treasury (OFAC), SDN and non-SDN lists · list of 2026-10-27 · read on 2026-11-04
  • Sanctions · United Kingdom, UK Sanctions List (FCDO) · list of 2026-11-03 · read on 2026-11-04
  • Sanctions · European Union, consolidated financial sanctions list · list of 2026-10-23 · read on 2026-11-04
  • Institute dossier (sanctions, treaties, visits, capabilities) · as of 2026-05-01
  • Summary · Wikipédia (CC BY-SA 4.0)