PER · Americas
Peru
Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered to the north by Ecuador and Colombia, to the east by Brazil, to the southeast by Bolivia, to the south by Chile, and to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean.
Summary from Wikipédia (CC BY-SA 4.0)
Data refreshed on 2026.10.08 · source: Wikidata
Points to watch 2026.10.09
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Watch
Recent institutional rupture: Auto-coup avorté Castillo décembre 2022.
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Watch
New head of state since 2026.07.28: Keiko Fujimori, replacing José María Balcázar. Wikidata
Drawn automatically from the file's layers, sources shown; no hand-written text. JSON
The Institute's composite reading
Risque élevé
4.7 /10 risk
- Security 0.0
- Legitimacy 5.0
- Economy 6.5
- Diplomacy 5.0
- Influence 0.0
Security: 0 stable → 10 unstable · others: 0 weak → 10 strong. Computed from V-Dem, FH, CPI, RSF, World Bank, SIPRI, sanctions.
Listings linked to the country by nationality or address: United States 39 (list of 2026.10.02).
- Capital
- Lima
- Population
- 34,350,244 inh.
- Area
- 1,285,216 km²
- Currency
- PEN
- Regime
- presidential system
Executive in office
Head of State
Keiko Fujimori
Government in office 19 members
ministre des Affaires étrangères
Carlos Espá
ministre de la Défense
Rafael Belaúnde Llosa
ministre de l'Intérieur
César Astudillo Salcedo
ministre de l'Économie et des Finances
Elmer Cuba
ministre de la Justice et des Droits de l'Homme
Ernesto Álvarez
ministre de l'Éducation
José Antonio Chang
ministre de la Santé
Luis Dyer
ministre de l'Énergie et des Mines
Guillermo Shinno
Minister of Development and Social Inclusion of Peru
Maritza Canales
Premier ministre du Pérou
Luis Galarreta
ministre de l'Agriculture du Pérou
Marco Vinelli
ministre de l'Environnement du Pérou
Vladimiro Huaroc Portocarrero
ministre de la Culture
Alberto Beingolea
ministre de la Femme et des Populations vulnérables
María Seminario
ministre de la Production
Juan Carlos Requejo
ministre des Transports et des Communications
José Tangherlini
ministre du Commerce extérieur et du Tourisme du Pérou
Rogers Valencia
ministre du Logement, de la Construction et de l'Assainissement
Mauricio Arnillas
ministre du Travail
Juan Sheput
Parliament
Congrès de la république du Pérou
130 seats
Inception 1995
Economic indicators World Bank · 2025
GDP
335 G$
GDP / capita
9,684 $
Growth
3.4 %
Inflation
1.5 %
Unemployment
5.1 %
Debt / GDP
35.2 %
Defense / GDP
0.9 %
Life expectancy
77.9 yrs
Governance indices V-Dem 2025 · Freedom House 2026 · CPI 2025 · RSF 2026
Democracy (V-Dem)
0.67/1
Freedoms (Freedom House)
66/100
Corruption (CPI)
30/100
Press freedom (RSF)
38/100
Military posture SIPRI · 2025
Global spending rank
#60
Annual budget
2.4 Md$
Defense effort
0.8 %PIB
Strategic minerals USGS · production / réserves mondiales
- #2 Cuivre 11 % 2024
- #3 Argent 13 % 2024
- #2 Zinc 11 % 2024
- #3 Étain 8 % 2024
Trade dependencies OEC · UN Comtrade · 2023
Exports
67 Md$
Imports
51 Md$
Balance
16 Md$
Top exports
- 31.0% Cuivre 21 Md$
- 17.0% Or 11 Md$
- 8.0% Zinc + plomb 5 Md$
Top imports
- 11.0% Pétrole raffiné + brut 6 Md$
Export partners
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Chine
32.0%
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États-Unis
12.5%
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Inde
6.5%
Import partners
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Chine
27.5%
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États-Unis
19.0%
Diplomatic alignment UNGA 2020-2024 · Bailey-Strezhnev-Voeten
Vote concordance with each power at UN General Assembly.
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USA
53%
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GBR
54%
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FRA
60%
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DEU
60%
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RUS
38%
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CHN
49%
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BRA
60%
Abstention: 24%
Political calendar Institute · Wikipedia · 2026-10-08
Last election
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2026-06-07
Keiko Fujimori 50.1% vs Roberto Sánchez 49.9% · turnout 72.0%
Senate: Popular Force 22 seats, Together for Peru 14, Popular Renewal 8 (of 60)
Result read from Wikipedia on 2026.10.08 (CC BY-SA)
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2026-04
President (1st round), Chamber of Deputies and Senate
résultat à confirmer
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2021-06-06
Présidentielle (T2)
Pedro Castillo (destitué décembre 2022)
Last institutional rupture Auto-coup avorté Castillo décembre 2022
Society · human UNDP HDI 2023 · World Bank · WID · UNHCR 2025
HDI
0.794/1
Gini
40.1
Refugees hosted
6,788
Refugees originating
7,885
National anthem
Somos libres, seámoslo siempre
Alliances and organisations Institut · Wikidata
- UN
- WTO
- APEC
- OAS
- Andean Community
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Global attention Wikipedia · 90 days
The country's Wikipedia article is usually read 3,586 times a day (French and English). On 2026.10.07: 3,795, or ×1.1.
French + English French usual level 2026.07.10 · 2026.10.07 Wikimedia statistics (CC0), human users
Sources and freshness
- Executive, government, parliament, anthem · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-10-08
- Economy · World Bank (CC BY 4.0) · 2025
- Indices and figures · V-Dem 2026 (OWID) · Freedom House 2026 (OWID) · Transparency International CPI 2025 · RSF 2026 · PNUD IDH 2025 (OWID) · Banque mondiale Gini 2024 · UNHCR 2025 · SIPRI 2026 (OWID) · read on 2026-10-08
- Memberships · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-10-08
- Political calendar · Institute and Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0) · 2026-10-08
- Sanctions · US Treasury (OFAC), SDN and non-SDN lists · list of 2026-10-02 · read on 2026-10-08
- Sanctions · United Kingdom, UK Sanctions List (FCDO) · list of 2026-10-07 · read on 2026-10-08
- Sanctions · European Union, consolidated financial sanctions list · list of 2026-09-22 · read on 2026-10-08
- Institute dossier (sanctions, treaties, visits, capabilities) · as of 2026-05-01
- Summary · Wikipédia (CC BY-SA 4.0)