IRN · Western Asia

Iran

Shia regional power, advanced nuclear program, backer of the 'axis of resistance'. Sanctioned economy; rapprochement with Beijing and Moscow.

compare with…

Data refreshed on 2026.10.08 · source: Wikidata

Points to watch 2026.10.09

Alert
Sanctions targeting the country: UN (1 regime, 121 listings), United States (14 regimes, 4,020 listings), United Kingdom (2 regimes, 570 listings), European Union (1 regime, 707 listings). UN, OFAC, FCDO, EU · 2026.10.07
Context
Bases closed or handed over since 2024: Syria.
Context
Not free according to Freedom House (score 10/100). Freedom House 2025

Drawn automatically from the file's layers, sources shown; no hand-written text. JSON

The Institute's composite reading

Crise

8.9 /10 risk

Security 8.5
Legitimacy 1.7
Economy 0.0
Diplomacy 0.0
Influence 2.1

Security: 0 stable → 10 unstable · others: 0 weak → 10 strong. Computed from V-Dem, FH, CPI, RSF, World Bank, SIPRI, sanctions.

State under international sanctions

UN Iran · resolution 1737 · since 2006 · 43 people and 78 entities listed
United States 14 programmes: financial sanctions, economic sectors, core regulations and others · 4,020 listings: 977 people, 2,226 entities, 817 vessels or aircraft comprehensive
EU 1 regime · 707 listings: 368 people, 339 entities broad
United Kingdom 2 regimes: nuclear and others · 570 listings: 305 people, 265 entities

UN list of 2026.10.07: 6 people and 27 entities linked to the country by nationality or a known address. Regimes: Iran (31), Democratic People's Republic of Korea (1), Taliban (Afghanistan) (1).

Listings linked to the country by nationality or address: United States 1,799 (list of 2026.10.02), United Kingdom 388 (list of 2026.10.07), EU 539 (list of 2026.09.22).

Capital: Tehran
Population: 89,000,000 inh.
Area: 1,648,195 km²
Currency: IRR
Regime: Theocratic Islamic republic

Executive in office

Head of State

Mojtaba Khamenei

since 2026.03.08 indépendant

Head of Government

Masoud Pezeshkian

since 2024.07.28 indépendant

Government in office 4 members

ministre des Affaires étrangères de l'Iran

Abbas Araghtchi

since 2024.08.21 Foreign affairs

Minister of Defense and Armed Forces Logistics

Majid Ebnelreza

since 2026.03.02 Defence

Minister of Economic Affairs and Finance

Seyed Ali Madanizadeh

since 2025.06.16 Finance

ministre du Patrimoine culturel, de l'Artisanat et du Tourisme

Reza Salehi Amiri

since 2025.08.22 Parti pour la modération et le développement

Parliament

Madjles

290 seats

Chair Mohammad Ghalibaf

Inception 1906

Economic indicators World Bank · 2025

GDP

363 G$

2025 ↓ -23.7 % vs 2024

GDP / capita

3,924 $

2025 ↓ -24.4 % vs 2024

Growth

-2.8 %

2025 ↓ -6.5 pt vs 2024

Inflation

42.2 %

2025 ↑ +9.7 pt vs 2024

Unemployment

8.3 %

2025 ↑ +0.2 pt vs 2024

Defense / GDP

2.0 %

2024 ↓ -0.3 pt vs 2023

Life expectancy

77.9 yrs

2024 ↑ +0.3 % vs 2023

Military bases Institute · Wikipedia

active rotational or scaled down uncertain closed or handed over

Allied forces, no own base 3

·

Popular Mobilization Forces

Iraq · Irak

Allied forces

Allied militias, no declared Iranian base.
·

Hezbollah

Lebanon · Liban

Allied forces

Allied armed movement, weakened by the 2024 war.
·

Houthis (Ansar Allah)

Yemen · Nord du Yémen

Allied forces

Allied armed movement.

Closed or handed over 1

1

Revolutionary Guards in Syria

Syria · Damas, Deir ez-Zor

Land · until 2024 · Wikipédia ↗

Withdrawal after Bashar al-Assad's fall in December 2024.

Closed or handed over

Military capabilities Wikipedia · IISS Military Balance résumés

Active

610 000

Reserve

350 000

Land

100 Karrar Char (modernisation T-72 indigène)
100 Zulfiqar-3 Char indigène
480 T-72S Char (russe)
— Shahed-136 / -149 / -191 Drones one-way + ISR

Air

41 F-14 Tomcat Chasseur (US, ères pré-1979, en service réduit)
33 MiG-29A Chasseur
64 F-4E Phantom II Chasseur
— Su-35 Flanker-E Chasseur (24 commandés à RUS — livraisons en cours)
— Kowsar Chasseur indigène (rétro-ingénierie F-5)

Naval

3 Sous-marins classe Kilo Sous-marin (russe)
23 Sous-marins miniatures Ghadir Sous-marin de poche
5 Frégate Jamaran Frégate indigène

Doctrine asymétrique : drones, missiles, mandataires.

Nuclear posture

Capacité latente, au seuil

Programme avancé · seuil estimé < 12 mois selon IAEA

Strategic chokepoints 1 control point(s)

borde Détroit d'Ormuz 20% du pétrole mondial · 30% du GNL · capacité de blocage

Governance indices V-Dem 2025 · Freedom House 2026 · CPI 2025 · RSF 2026

Democracy (V-Dem)

0.16/1

#152 electoral autocracy 2025

Freedoms (Freedom House)

10/100

Not Free 2026

Corruption (CPI)

23/100

#1532025

Press freedom (RSF)

17/100

#1772026

Military posture SIPRI · 2025

Global spending rank

#37

SIPRI 2025

Annual budget

7.5 Md$

2025USD constants 2024

Defense effort

2.1 %PIB

2025

Strategic minerals USGS · production / réserves mondiales

#5 Zinc 5 % 2024
#6 Soufre 4 % 2024

Trade dependencies OEC · UN Comtrade · 2023

Exports

73 Md$

Imports

67 Md$

Balance

6 Md$

Top exports

27.0% Pétrole brut + raffiné (officiel) 20 Md$
17.0% Pétrochimie + plastiques 12 Md$
4.0% Pistaches + dattes + safran 3 Md$

Top imports

7.0% Riz + céréales 5 Md$
6.0% Or 4 Md$
6.0% Machines industrielles 4 Md$

Export partners

Chine 53.0%
Iraq 16.0%
Émirats arabes unis 11.0%
Turquie 5.0%

Import partners

Émirats arabes unis 36.0%
Chine 28.0%
Turquie 12.0%

Sanctions secondaires US masquent les flux réels — chiffres très estimatifs (statistiques officielles iraniennes + tracking pétroliers).

Diplomatic alignment UNGA 2020-2024 · Bailey-Strezhnev-Voeten

Vote concordance with each power at UN General Assembly.

USA 14%
GBR 12%
FRA 14%
DEU 14%
RUS 84%
CHN 88%
IND 64%
BRA 50%

Abstention: 6%

Key treaties UN Treaty Collection · IAEA · ICRC · OPCW

✓

NPT

1968 Ratified
◐

CTBT

1996 Signed, not ratified
✗

TPNW

2017 Not party
◐

Rome Statute

1998 Signed, not ratified
✓

Genocide

1948 Ratified
✓

Geneva

1949 Ratified
✗

Ottawa Mine Ban

1997 Not party
✗

Oslo Cluster Munitions

2008 Not party
✗

Arms Trade Treaty

2013 Not party
◐

Paris Agreement

2015 Signed, not ratified

Bilateral visits, last 24 months Wikipedia · communiqués officiels

Outgoing visits

2025-09-23

États-Unis · AGNU

Pezeshkian · ouverture diplomatique
2025-01-17

Russie · Visite d'État

Traité partenariat stratégique

Incoming visits

2024-10-29

Russie

Lavrov · drones + dépôts pétroliers

Political calendar Institute · Wikipedia · 2026-10-08

Upcoming

2028-06

Présidentielle

Question Khamenei (succession Guide suprême)

Last election

2024-07-05

Présidentielle (T2)

Massoud Pezeshkian (réformateur) 54% · turnout 49.8%

Last institutional rupture 1979 (révolution islamique)

Society · human UNDP HDI 2023 · World Bank · WID · UNHCR 2025

HDI

0.799/1

#752023

Top 10% (wealth)

57.8 %

WID

Gini

35.9

moderate2023

Refugees hosted

770,514

UNHCR 2025

Refugees originating

157,912