TUR · Western Asia
Türkiye
Strategic pivot between Europe, the Caucasus, and the Middle East; second-largest NATO army by personnel. Rising defense industry (Bayraktar drones, MIT).
Data refreshed on 2026.10.08 · source: Wikidata
Points to watch 2026.10.09
-
Context
Hosts 2.4 million refugees. UNHCR 2025
- Context
- Context
-
Context
Not free according to Freedom House (score 32/100). Freedom House 2025
Drawn automatically from the file's layers, sources shown; no hand-written text. JSON
The Institute's composite reading
Vigilance
4.3 /10 risk
- Security 0.0
- Legitimacy 3.0
- Economy 3.5
- Diplomacy 7.1
- Influence 4.9
Security: 0 stable → 10 unstable · others: 0 weak → 10 strong. Computed from V-Dem, FH, CPI, RSF, World Bank, SIPRI, sanctions.
UN list of 2026.10.07: 7 people and 0 entities linked to the country by nationality or a known address. Regimes: ISIL (Da'esh) and Al-Qaida (6), Libya (1).
Listings linked to the country by nationality or address: United States 414 (list of 2026.10.02), United Kingdom 33 (list of 2026.10.07), EU 19 (list of 2026.09.22).
- Capital
- Ankara
- Population
- 85,000,000 inh.
- Area
- 783,356 km²
- Currency
- TRY
- Regime
- Presidential republic
Executive in office
Head of State
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
Government in office 3 members
ministre des Affaires étrangères de Turquie
Hakan Fidan
ministre de l'Intérieur
Mustafa Çiftçi
ministre de l'Économie
Badanam Patoki
Parliament
Grande Assemblée nationale de Turquie
600 seats
Inception 1920
Economic indicators World Bank · 2025
GDP
1.60 T$
GDP / capita
18,599 $
Growth
3.6 %
Inflation
34.9 %
Unemployment
8.5 %
Debt / GDP
26.6 %
Defense / GDP
1.9 %
Life expectancy
77.4 yrs
Military bases Institute · Wikipedia
active rotational or scaled down uncertain closed or handed over foreign base on national soil
Register kept by the Institute, updated 2026.10.08; coordinates and links read from Wikipedia.
Abroad 6
-
1
Turkish forces in Cyprus
Cyprus · Nord de l'île (République turque de Chypre du Nord, reconnue par la seule Turquie)
-
2
Bashiqa camp and Kurdistan outposts
Iraq · Bachiqa, près de Mossoul
Dozens of outposts against the PKK in northern Iraq.
-
3
Al-Watiya Air Base
Libya · Ouest libyen
-
4
Tariq bin Ziyad base
Qatar · Doha
-
5
-
6
Status uncertainNorthern Syria zones
Syria · Nord de la Syrie
Presence renegotiated with Damascus's new authorities since 2025.
Foreign bases on national soil 1
-
7
Incirlik Air Base
United States of America · Adana
NATO nuclear-sharing weapons according to open sources.
Military capabilities Wikipedia · IISS Military Balance résumés
Active
355 000
Reserve
379 000
Paramilitary
154 000
Land
- 320 Leopard 2A4 Char (allemand)
- 170 M60T Sabra Char (modernisé Israël)
- — Altay Char indigène (programme)
- 650 ACV-15 VCI
- — Bayraktar TB2/Akinci Drone armé
Air
- 245 F-16C/D Fighting Falcon Chasseur (modernisations Block 50+)
- — Hürjet (en développement) Chasseur léger indigène
- — TF-X / KAAN Chasseur 5e gén. (programme)
Naval
- 1 TCG Anadolu Porte-drones / amphibie
- — Sous-marins classe Reis (Type 214TN) Sous-marin AIP (programme)
- 8 Sous-marins classe Preveze/Gür Sous-marin
- 1 Frégate classe Istanbul (I-Class) Frégate indigène (3 en construction)
Armed forces 8 units listed · Wikidata
Show the 8 units · raw Wikidata list, which does not always flag a disbanded unit
Flotte
Fleet Command
Commandement
Allied Land Command
Commandement
Anıtkabir Komutanlığı
Commandement
Bordo Bereliler
Brigade
51st Motorized Infantry Brigade
Brigade
Q113500880
Régiment
57th Infantry Regiment Memorial
Régiment
Presidential Guard Regiment
Nuclear posture
OTAN, partage nucléaire
B61-12 (Incirlik)
Strategic chokepoints 1 control point(s)
- contrôle Bosphore + Dardanelles Convention Montreux · 3% du commerce mondial · gaz/grain russes
Governance indices V-Dem 2025 · Freedom House 2026 · CPI 2025 · RSF 2026
Democracy (V-Dem)
0.29/1
Freedoms (Freedom House)
32/100
Corruption (CPI)
31/100
Press freedom (RSF)
28/100
Military posture SIPRI · 2025
Global spending rank
#19
Annual budget
26.8 Md$
Defense effort
1.9 %PIB
Strategic minerals USGS · production / réserves mondiales
- #1 Bore 73 % 2024
- #4 Chrome 8 % 2024
Trade dependencies OEC · UN Comtrade · 2023
Exports
256 Md$
Imports
362 Md$
Balance
-106 Md$
Top exports
- 12.5% Voitures + pièces 32 Md$
- 8.6% Vêtements + textile 22 Md$
- 6.2% Acier + métaux 16 Md$
Top imports
- 12.5% Pétrole brut + raffiné 45 Md$
- 4.9% Gaz naturel 18 Md$
- 5.7% Or 21 Md$
Export partners
-
Allemagne
8.5%
-
États-Unis
6.0%
-
Royaume-Uni
5.5%
-
Italie
5.0%
-
Iraq
4.9%
Import partners
-
Russie
13.0%
-
Chine
12.4%
-
Allemagne
5.6%
-
États-Unis
4.5%
-
Italie
3.7%
Premier acheteur de gaz russe + relations stratégiques sur Akkuyu (centrale nucléaire RUS).
Diplomatic alignment UNGA 2020-2024 · Bailey-Strezhnev-Voeten
Vote concordance with each power at UN General Assembly.
-
USA
38%
-
GBR
41%
-
FRA
44%
-
DEU
45%
-
RUS
51%
-
CHN
47%
-
IRN
56%
Abstention: 22%
Key treaties UN Treaty Collection · IAEA · ICRC · OPCW
-
✓
NPT
-
✓
CTBT
-
✗
TPNW
-
✗
Rome Statute
-
✓
Genocide
-
✓
Geneva
-
✓
Ottawa Mine Ban
-
✗
Oslo Cluster Munitions
-
✓
Arms Trade Treaty
-
✓
Paris Agreement
Bilateral visits, last 24 months Wikipedia · communiqués officiels
Outgoing visits
-
2025-04-12
Indonésie · Bilatéral
Erdoğan-Prabowo · industrie défense
Incoming visits
-
2025-04-23
Steinmeier · centenaire République
-
2024-12-12
Al-Sharaa · post-Assad
Political calendar Institute · Wikipedia · 2026-10-08
Upcoming
-
2028-05
Présidentielle + législatives
Erdoğan limite constitutionnelle
Last election
-
2024-03-31
Municipales
CHP gagne 35 villes — gifle Erdoğan
Imamoğlu emprisonné mars 2025 → mobilisation
-
2023-05-28
Présidentielle (T2)
Erdoğan 52.2%
Last institutional rupture Tentative 15 juillet 2016 (échec)
Society · human UNDP HDI 2023 · World Bank · WID · UNHCR 2025
HDI
0.853/1
Top 10% (wealth)
60.1 %
Gini
43.7
Refugees hosted
2,390,414
Refugees originating
149,405
1er pays d'accueil mondial — Syriens
Disputed recognitions curé éditorial · UN Member States
Recognizes
- Palestine
- Kosovo
Does not recognize
- Crimée russe
- RKN Chypre Sud
Reconnaît unilatéralement Chypre du Nord
Defense industry SIPRI Top 100 · sites officiels
Arms export rank
#12
2% du marché mondial
Doctrine
Mavi Vatan (Patrie bleue) + concept SİHA
Prime contractors
- Aselsan
- Roketsan
- TAI/TUSAŞ
- Baykar
- STM
- Havelsan
Key platforms
- Bayraktar TB2/Akıncı/Kızılelma
- Altay (en cours)
- ATMACA
- TF-X/KAAN
National anthem
İstiklâl Marşı
Alliances and organisations Institut · Wikidata
- OTAN
- G20
- OCI
- UN
- OECD
- WTO
- Council of Europe
- OSCE
- Organization of Turkic States
Loading news feed…
Global attention Wikipedia · 90 days
The country's Wikipedia article is usually read 10,962 times a day (French and English). On 2026.10.07: 13,109, or ×1.2.
French + English French usual level 2026.07.10 · 2026.10.07 Wikimedia statistics (CC0), human users
Sources and freshness
- Executive, government, parliament, anthem · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-10-08
- Economy · World Bank (CC BY 4.0) · 2025
- Indices and figures · V-Dem 2026 (OWID) · Freedom House 2026 (OWID) · Transparency International CPI 2025 · RSF 2026 · PNUD IDH 2025 (OWID) · Banque mondiale Gini 2023 · UNHCR 2025 · SIPRI 2026 (OWID) · read on 2026-10-08
- Memberships · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-10-08
- Political calendar · Institute and Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0) · 2026-10-08
- UN sanctions · Security Council consolidated list · list of 2026-10-07 · read on 2026-10-08
- Sanctions · US Treasury (OFAC), SDN and non-SDN lists · list of 2026-10-02 · read on 2026-10-08
- Sanctions · United Kingdom, UK Sanctions List (FCDO) · list of 2026-10-07 · read on 2026-10-08
- Sanctions · European Union, consolidated financial sanctions list · list of 2026-09-22 · read on 2026-10-08
- Institute dossier (sanctions, treaties, visits, capabilities) · as of 2026-05-01