ETH · Africa

Ethiopia

Ethiopia, officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE), is a landlocked country located in the Horn of Africa region of East Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the north, Djibouti to the northeast, Somalia to the southeast, Kenya to the south, South Sudan to the west, and Sudan to the northwest.

Summary from Wikipédia (CC BY-SA 4.0)

compare with…

Data refreshed on 2026.11.04 · source: Wikidata

Points to watch 2026.11.04

Watch
Recent institutional rupture: Coup avorté Amhara juin 2019 ; guerre Tigré 2020-2022.
Context
Hosts 1 million refugees. UNHCR 2025
Context
Not free according to Freedom House (score 18/100). Freedom House 2025

Drawn automatically from the file's layers, sources shown; no hand-written text. JSON

The Institute's composite reading

Risque élevé

4.9 /10 risk

Security 0.0
Legitimacy 2.9
Economy 6.0
Diplomacy 5.0
Influence 1.5

Security: 0 stable → 10 unstable · others: 0 weak → 10 strong. Computed from V-Dem, FH, CPI, RSF, World Bank, SIPRI, sanctions.

UN list of 2026.11.03: 1 person and 1 entity linked to the country by nationality or a known address. Regimes: ISIL (Da'esh) and Al-Qaida (1), Al-Shabaab (Somalia) (1).

Listings linked to the country by nationality or address: United States 8 (list of 2026.10.27), United Kingdom 1 (list of 2026.11.03), EU 2 (list of 2026.10.23).

Capital: Addis Ababa
Population: 111,652,998 inh.
Area: 1,104,300 km²
Currency: ETB
Regime: federal republic

Executive in office

Head of State

Taye Atskeselassie

since 2024.10.07

Head of Government

Abiy Ahmed

since 2018.04.01 Front démocratique révolutionnaire des peuples éthiopiens

Government in office · 1 members

ministre de la Culture et du Tourisme

Shewit Shanka

since 2024.07.03

Parliament

Chambre des représentants des peuples

547 seats

Chair Abadula Gemedda

Inception 1995

Prosperity Party 457
National Movement of Amhara NaMA 5
Ethiopian Citizens for Social Justice EZEMA 4
Independents 4
Gedeo People's Democratic Party GPDO 2
Vacant 74

Composition · Wikipedia (CC BY-SA) · 2026.11.04

Conseil de la fédération

112 seats

Chair Degefe Bula

Inception 1995

Economic indicators World Bank · 2025

GDP

126 G$

2025 ↓ -15.6 % vs 2024

GDP / capita

933 $

2025 ↓ -17.7 % vs 2024

Growth

9.8 %

2025 ↑ +2.2 pt vs 2024

Inflation

13.2 %

2025 ↓ -7.8 pt vs 2024

Unemployment

3.3 %

2025 ↓ -0.0 pt vs 2024

Debt / GDP

31.4 %

2019 ↓ -1.1 pt vs 2018

Defense / GDP

0.5 %

2025 ↑ +0.0 pt vs 2024

Life expectancy

67.6 yrs

2024 ↑ +0.4 % vs 2023

Governance indices V-Dem 2025 · Freedom House 2026 · CPI 2025 · RSF 2026

Democracy (V-Dem)

0.26/1

#127 electoral autocracy 2025

Freedoms (Freedom House)

18/100

Not Free 2026

Corruption (CPI)

38/100

#962025

Press freedom (RSF)

35/100

#1482026

Military posture SIPRI · 2025

Global spending rank

#85

SIPRI 2025

Annual budget

0.8 Md$

2025USD constants 2024

Defense effort

0.5 %PIB

2025

Strategic minerals USGS · production / réserves mondiales

#5 Tantale 4 % 2024

Trade dependencies OEC · UN Comtrade · 2023

Exports

4 Md$

Imports

18 Md$

Balance

-14 Md$

Top exports

33.0% Café 1.4 Md$
13.0% Or 0.5 Md$
13.0% Fleurs coupées 0.5 Md$

Top imports

16.0% Pétrole raffiné 3 Md$

Export partners

Import partners

Chine 21.5%
Inde 8.0%

Diplomatic alignment UNGA 2020-2024 · Bailey-Strezhnev-Voeten

Vote concordance with each power at UN General Assembly.

USA 24%
GBR 26%
FRA 30%
DEU 30%
RUS 67%
CHN 78%
IND 71%

Abstention: 28%

Political calendar Institute · Wikipedia · 2026-11-04

Last election

2026-06

House of Peoples' Representatives

Prosperity Party 438 seats, Ethiopian Citizens for Social Justice 13, Independents 8 (of 486) · turnout 95.7%

Result read from Wikipedia on 2026.11.04 (CC BY-SA)
2021-06-21

Parliament

Parti de la prospérité (Abiy Ahmed) majorité écrasante

Last institutional rupture Coup avorté Amhara juin 2019 ; guerre Tigré 2020-2022

Society · human UNDP HDI 2023 · World Bank · WID · UNHCR 2025

HDI

0.497/1

#1802023

Gini

31.1

moderate2021

Refugees hosted

1,010,466

UNHCR 2025

Refugees originating

164,215

UNHCR 2025

National anthem

Wedefit Gesgeshi Woude Enat Ityopya

Alliances and organisations Institut · Wikidata

UN
BRICS
African Union
IGAD

Loading news feed…

Global attention Wikipedia · 90 days

The country's Wikipedia article is usually read 6,222 times a day (French and English). On 2026.11.03: 5,195, or ×0.8.

French + English French usual level 2026.08.06 · 2026.11.03 Wikimedia statistics (CC0), human users

Sources and freshness

Executive, government, parliament, anthem · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-11-04
Economy · World Bank (CC BY 4.0) · 2025
Indices and figures · V-Dem 2026 (OWID) · Freedom House 2026 (OWID) · Transparency International CPI 2025 · RSF 2026 · PNUD IDH 2025 (OWID) · Banque mondiale Gini 2021 · UNHCR 2025 · SIPRI 2026 (OWID) · read on 2026-11-04
Memberships · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-11-04
Political calendar · Institute and Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0) · 2026-11-04
UN sanctions · Security Council consolidated list · list of 2026-11-03 · read on 2026-11-04
Sanctions · US Treasury (OFAC), SDN and non-SDN lists · list of 2026-10-27 · read on 2026-11-04
Sanctions · United Kingdom, UK Sanctions List (FCDO) · list of 2026-11-03 · read on 2026-11-04
Sanctions · European Union, consolidated financial sanctions list · list of 2026-10-23 · read on 2026-11-04
Institute dossier (sanctions, treaties, visits, capabilities) · as of 2026-05-01
Summary · Wikipédia (CC BY-SA 4.0)