TUR · Western Asia

Türkiye

Strategic pivot between Europe, the Caucasus, and the Middle East; second-largest NATO army by personnel. Rising defense industry (Bayraktar drones, MIT).

compare with…

Data refreshed on 2026.11.04 · source: Wikidata

Points to watch 2026.11.04

Context
Hosts 2.4 million refugees. UNHCR 2025
Context
Hosts 1 foreign base: United States of America.
Context
Runs 6 military bases or deployments abroad.
Context
Not free according to Freedom House (score 32/100). Freedom House 2025

Drawn automatically from the file's layers, sources shown; no hand-written text. JSON

The Institute's composite reading

Vigilance

4.3 /10 risk

Security 0.0
Legitimacy 3.0
Economy 3.5
Diplomacy 7.1
Influence 4.9

Security: 0 stable → 10 unstable · others: 0 weak → 10 strong. Computed from V-Dem, FH, CPI, RSF, World Bank, SIPRI, sanctions.

UN list of 2026.11.03: 7 people and 0 entities linked to the country by nationality or a known address. Regimes: ISIL (Da'esh) and Al-Qaida (6), Libya (1).

Listings linked to the country by nationality or address: United States 419 (list of 2026.10.27), United Kingdom 34 (list of 2026.11.03), EU 19 (list of 2026.10.23).

Capital: Ankara
Population: 85,000,000 inh.
Area: 783,356 km²
Currency: TRY
Regime: Presidential republic

Executive in office

Head of State

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan

since 2014.08.28 Parti de la justice et du développement

Government in office · 3 members

ministre des Affaires étrangères de Turquie

Hakan Fidan

since 2023.06.05 Foreign affairs

ministre de l'Intérieur

Mustafa Çiftçi

since 2026.02.11 Interior

ministre de l'Économie

Badanam Patoki

since 2025.10.08 Finance

Parliament

Grande Assemblée nationale de Turquie

600 seats

Inception 1920

Justice and Development Party 281
New Party 90
Peoples' Equality and Democracy Party 56
Nationalist Movement Party MHP 46
Republican People's Party CHP 44
İYİ Party 26
New Path Party 19
Independent politician 12
Free Cause Party HÜDA PAR 4
Workers' Party of Turkey TİP 3
New Welfare Party YRP 3
Democratic Regions Party DBP 2

5 more groups

Labour Party EMEP 2
Democratic Left Party DSP 1
Democratic Party DP 1
Felicity Party SAADET 1
Vacant 9

Composition · Wikipedia (CC BY-SA) · 2026.11.04

Economic indicators World Bank · 2025

GDP

1.60 T$

2025 ↑ +17.5 % vs 2024

GDP / capita

18,599 $

2025 ↑ +17.0 % vs 2024

Growth

3.6 %

2025 ↑ +0.3 pt vs 2024

Inflation

34.9 %

2025 ↓ -23.6 pt vs 2024

Unemployment

8.5 %

2025 ↓ -0.3 pt vs 2024

Debt / GDP

25.5 %

2024 ↓ -5.6 pt vs 2023

Defense / GDP

1.9 %

2025 ↑ +0.1 pt vs 2024

Life expectancy

77.4 yrs

2024 ↑ +0.3 % vs 2023

Military bases Institute · Wikipedia

active rotational or scaled down uncertain closed or handed over foreign base on national soil

Abroad 6

1

Turkish forces in Cyprus

Cyprus · Nord de l'île (République turque de Chypre du Nord, reconnue par la seule Turquie)

Joint · since 1974 · Wikipédia ↗
2

Bashiqa camp and Kurdistan outposts

Iraq · Bachiqa, près de Mossoul

Land · since 2015 · Wikipédia ↗

Dozens of outposts against the PKK in northern Iraq.
3

Al-Watiya Air Base

Libya · Ouest libyen

Air · since 2020 · Wikipédia ↗
4

Tariq bin Ziyad base

Qatar · Doha

Land · since 2015 · Wikipédia ↗
5

Camp TURKSOM

Somalia · Mogadiscio

Training · since 2017 · Wikipédia ↗

Turkey's largest overseas base, training the Somali army.
6

Northern Syria zones

Syria · Nord de la Syrie

Land · since 2016 · Wikipédia ↗

Presence renegotiated with Damascus's new authorities since 2025.

Status uncertain

Foreign bases on national soil 1

7

Incirlik Air Base

United States of America · Adana

Air · since 1955 · Wikipédia ↗

NATO nuclear-sharing weapons according to open sources.

Military capabilities Wikipedia · IISS Military Balance résumés

Active

355 000

Reserve

379 000

Paramilitary

154 000

Land

320 Leopard 2A4 Char (allemand)
170 M60T Sabra Char (modernisé Israël)
— Altay Char indigène (programme)
650 ACV-15 VCI
— Bayraktar TB2/Akinci Drone armé

Air

245 F-16C/D Fighting Falcon Chasseur (modernisations Block 50+)
— Hürjet (en développement) Chasseur léger indigène
— TF-X / KAAN Chasseur 5e gén. (programme)

Naval

1 TCG Anadolu Porte-drones / amphibie
— Sous-marins classe Reis (Type 214TN) Sous-marin AIP (programme)
8 Sous-marins classe Preveze/Gür Sous-marin
1 Frégate classe Istanbul (I-Class) Frégate indigène (3 en construction)

Armed forces 8 units listed · Wikidata

Navy 1

Show the 8 units · raw Wikidata list, which does not always flag a disbanded unit

Flotte

Fleet Command

1922

Commandement

Allied Land Command

2012

Commandement

Anıtkabir Komutanlığı

Commandement

Bordo Bereliler

1952

Brigade

51st Motorized Infantry Brigade

Brigade

Q113500880

Kazan

Régiment

57th Infantry Regiment Memorial

Çanakkale

Régiment

Presidential Guard Regiment

1920

Nuclear posture

OTAN, partage nucléaire

B61-12 (Incirlik)

Strategic chokepoints 1 control point(s)

contrôle Bosphore + Dardanelles Convention Montreux · 3% du commerce mondial · gaz/grain russes

Governance indices V-Dem 2025 · Freedom House 2026 · CPI 2025 · RSF 2026

Democracy (V-Dem)

0.29/1

#119 electoral autocracy 2025

Freedoms (Freedom House)

32/100

Not Free 2026

Corruption (CPI)

31/100

#1242025

Press freedom (RSF)

28/100

#1632026

Military posture SIPRI · 2025

Global spending rank

#19

SIPRI 2025

Annual budget

26.8 Md$

2025USD constants 2024

Defense effort

1.9 %PIB

2025

Strategic minerals USGS · production / réserves mondiales

#1 Bore 73 % 2024
#4 Chrome 8 % 2024

Trade dependencies OEC · UN Comtrade · 2023

Exports

256 Md$

Imports

362 Md$

Balance

-106 Md$

Top exports

12.5% Voitures + pièces 32 Md$
8.6% Vêtements + textile 22 Md$
6.2% Acier + métaux 16 Md$

Top imports

12.5% Pétrole brut + raffiné 45 Md$
4.9% Gaz naturel 18 Md$
5.7% Or 21 Md$

Export partners

Allemagne 8.5%
États-Unis 6.0%
Royaume-Uni 5.5%
Italie 5.0%
Iraq 4.9%

Import partners

Russie 13.0%
Chine 12.4%
Allemagne 5.6%
États-Unis 4.5%
Italie 3.7%

Premier acheteur de gaz russe + relations stratégiques sur Akkuyu (centrale nucléaire RUS).

Diplomatic alignment UNGA 2020-2024 · Bailey-Strezhnev-Voeten

Vote concordance with each power at UN General Assembly.

USA 38%
GBR 41%
FRA 44%
DEU 45%
RUS 51%
CHN 47%
IRN 56%

Abstention: 22%

Key treaties UN Treaty Collection · IAEA · ICRC · OPCW

✓

NPT

1968 Ratified
✓

CTBT

1996 Ratified
✗

TPNW

2017 Not party
✗

Rome Statute

1998 Not party
✓

Genocide

1948 Ratified
✓

Geneva

1949 Ratified
✓

Ottawa Mine Ban

1997 Ratified
✗

Oslo Cluster Munitions

2008 Not party
✓

Arms Trade Treaty

2013 Ratified
✓

Paris Agreement

2015 Ratified

Bilateral visits, last 24 months Wikipedia · communiqués officiels

Outgoing visits

2025-04-12

Indonésie · Bilatéral

Erdoğan-Prabowo · industrie défense

Incoming visits

2025-04-23

Allemagne

Steinmeier · centenaire République
2024-12-12

Syrie (HTS)

Al-Sharaa · post-Assad

Political calendar Institute · Wikipedia · 2026-11-04

Upcoming

2028-05

President and Parliament

Erdoğan limite constitutionnelle

Last election

2024-03-31

Municipal

CHP gagne 35 villes — gifle Erdoğan

Imamoğlu emprisonné mars 2025 → mobilisation
2023-05-28

President (2nd round)

Erdoğan 52.2%

Last institutional rupture Tentative 15 juillet 2016 (échec)

Society · human UNDP HDI 2023 · World Bank · WID · UNHCR 2025

HDI

0.853/1

#512023

Top 10% (wealth)

60.1 %

WID

Gini

43.7

high2023

Refugees hosted

2,390,414

UNHCR 2025

Refugees originating

149,405

UNHCR 2025

1er pays d'accueil mondial — Syriens

Disputed recognitions curé éditorial · UN Member States

Recognizes

Palestine
Kosovo

Does not recognize

Crimée russe
RKN Chypre Sud

Reconnaît unilatéralement Chypre du Nord

Defense industry SIPRI Top 100 · sites officiels

Arms export rank

#12

2% du marché mondial

Doctrine

Mavi Vatan (Patrie bleue) + concept SİHA

Prime contractors

Aselsan
Roketsan
TAI/TUSAŞ
Baykar
STM
Havelsan

Key platforms

Bayraktar TB2/Akıncı/Kızılelma
Altay (en cours)
ATMACA
TF-X/KAAN

National anthem

İstiklâl Marşı

Composer · Osman Zeki Üngör

Alliances and organisations Institut · Wikidata

OTAN
G20
OCI
UN
OECD
WTO
Council of Europe
OSCE
Organization of Turkic States

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Global attention Wikipedia · 90 days

The country's Wikipedia article is usually read 11,776 times a day (French and English). On 2026.11.03: 14,270, or ×1.4.

French + English French usual level 2026.08.06 · 2026.11.03 Wikimedia statistics (CC0), human users

Sources and freshness

Executive, government, parliament, anthem · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-11-04
Economy · World Bank (CC BY 4.0) · 2025
Indices and figures · V-Dem 2026 (OWID) · Freedom House 2026 (OWID) · Transparency International CPI 2025 · RSF 2026 · PNUD IDH 2025 (OWID) · Banque mondiale Gini 2023 · UNHCR 2025 · SIPRI 2026 (OWID) · read on 2026-11-04
Memberships · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-11-04
Political calendar · Institute and Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0) · 2026-11-04
UN sanctions · Security Council consolidated list · list of 2026-11-03 · read on 2026-11-04
Sanctions · US Treasury (OFAC), SDN and non-SDN lists · list of 2026-10-27 · read on 2026-11-04
Sanctions · United Kingdom, UK Sanctions List (FCDO) · list of 2026-11-03 · read on 2026-11-04
Sanctions · European Union, consolidated financial sanctions list · list of 2026-10-23 · read on 2026-11-04
Institute dossier (sanctions, treaties, visits, capabilities) · as of 2026-05-01

2026.05.26 Gaza, year two: reconstruction as a political battlefield
Field notebook. After nineteen months of offensive, the pivot to reconstruction redistributes the actors: Cairo, Doha, Riyadh, Abu Dhabi, Ankara.
2026.05.23 Sudan: the deadliest civil war nobody watches
Field notebook. Two years of SAF versus RSF: Khartoum cut in two, Darfur ravaged, the UAE-Egypt axis structuring the ground.

Points to watch 2026.11.04

Executive in office

Parliament

Economic indicators World Bank · 2025

Military bases Institute · Wikipedia

Abroad 6

Foreign bases on national soil 1

Military capabilities Wikipedia · IISS Military Balance résumés

Land

Air

Naval

Armed forces 8 units listed · Wikidata

Strategic chokepoints 1 control point(s)

Governance indices V-Dem 2025 · Freedom House 2026 · CPI 2025 · RSF 2026

Military posture SIPRI · 2025

Strategic minerals USGS · production / réserves mondiales

Trade dependencies OEC · UN Comtrade · 2023

Top exports

Top imports

Export partners

Import partners

Diplomatic alignment UNGA 2020-2024 · Bailey-Strezhnev-Voeten

Key treaties UN Treaty Collection · IAEA · ICRC · OPCW

Bilateral visits, last 24 months Wikipedia · communiqués officiels

Outgoing visits

Incoming visits

Political calendar Institute · Wikipedia · 2026-11-04

Upcoming

Last election

Society · human UNDP HDI 2023 · World Bank · WID · UNHCR 2025

Disputed recognitions curé éditorial · UN Member States

Recognizes

Does not recognize

Defense industry SIPRI Top 100 · sites officiels

National anthem

Alliances and organisations Institut · Wikidata

Global attention Wikipedia · 90 days

Sources and freshness

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