EGY · North Africa
Egypt
Most populous Arab country, Suez Canal controller, military as structuring institution. Currency crisis partly resolved through Gulf and IMF support.
Data refreshed on 2026.10.08 · source: Wikidata
Points to watch 2026.10.09
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Context
Not free according to Freedom House (score 18/100). Freedom House 2025
Drawn automatically from the file's layers, sources shown; no hand-written text. JSON
The Institute's composite reading
Risque élevé
4.7 /10 risk
- Security 0.0
- Legitimacy 2.3
- Economy 4.5
- Diplomacy 7.0
- Influence 2.9
Security: 0 stable → 10 unstable · others: 0 weak → 10 strong. Computed from V-Dem, FH, CPI, RSF, World Bank, SIPRI, sanctions.
UN list of 2026.10.07: 16 people and 0 entities linked to the country by nationality or a known address. Regimes: ISIL (Da'esh) and Al-Qaida (14), Libya (2).
Listings linked to the country by nationality or address: United States 53 (list of 2026.10.02), United Kingdom 19 (list of 2026.10.07), EU 16 (list of 2026.09.22).
- Capital
- Cairo
- Population
- 110,000,000 inh.
- Area
- 1,001,450 km²
- Currency
- EGP
- Regime
- Presidential republic
Executive in office
Head of State
Abdel Fattah al-Sissi
Head of Government
Moustafa Madbouli
Government in office 1 members
Ministre de l'ENseignement supérieur et de la Recherche scientifique
Abdul Aziz Qansouh
Parliament
Chambre des représentants
596 seats
Inception 2014
Sénat
300 seats
Conseil consultatif
270 seats
Inception 1980
Economic indicators World Bank · 2025
GDP
365 G$
GDP / capita
3,086 $
Growth
4.4 %
Inflation
14.1 %
Unemployment
6.8 %
Defense / GDP
0.7 %
Life expectancy
71.8 yrs
Military capabilities Wikipedia · IISS Military Balance résumés
Active
438 000
Reserve
479 000
Paramilitary
397 000
Land
- 1,130 M1A1 Abrams Char (US)
- 1,700 M60 Patton Char (US, ancien)
- 700 M2 Bradley VCI
Air
- 218 F-16C/D Chasseur (US)
- 54 Rafale Chasseur (FR)
- 46 MiG-29M/M2 Chasseur (RUS)
- 18 Mirage 2000 Chasseur (FR)
- — Su-35 Chasseur (commande RUS, livraisons gelées)
Naval
- 2 BPC Mistral (ex-russes Vladivostok/Sébastopol) Porte-hélicoptères
- 1 Frégate FREMM Tahya Misr Frégate
- 1 Frégate Bergamini (sino-italienne) Frégate
- 4 Sous-marins Type 209/1400 Sous-marin (allemand)
Armed forces 5 units listed · Wikidata
Show the 5 units · raw Wikidata list, which does not always flag a disbanded unit
Division
4th Armoured Division
Division
Republican Guard
Division
الفرقة القومية للفنون الشعبية
Bataillon
الكتيبة 103 صاعقة
Bataillon
الكتيبة 20 مظلات
Nuclear posture
Capacité latente potentielle
Strategic chokepoints 2 control point(s)
- contrôle Canal de Suez 12% du commerce maritime mondial · 30% du trafic conteneurs
- borde Détroit de Tiran Sortie golfe d'Aqaba
Governance indices V-Dem 2025 · Freedom House 2026 · CPI 2025 · RSF 2026
Democracy (V-Dem)
0.19/1
Freedoms (Freedom House)
18/100
Corruption (CPI)
30/100
Press freedom (RSF)
25/100
Military posture SIPRI · 2025
Global spending rank
#62
Annual budget
2.3 Md$
Defense effort
0.6 %PIB
Trade dependencies OEC · UN Comtrade · 2023
Exports
49 Md$
Imports
84 Md$
Balance
-35 Md$
Top exports
- 19.0% Pétrole raffiné + brut 9 Md$
- 7.0% Or 3 Md$
- 5.0% Engrais (urée) 2 Md$
Top imports
- 8.0% Pétrole brut 7 Md$
- 6.0% Blé 5 Md$
- 6.0% Voitures + pièces 5 Md$
Export partners
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Émirats arabes unis
9.0%
-
Italie
8.5%
-
États-Unis
8.0%
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Turquie
8.0%
Import partners
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Chine
16.0%
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Russie
7.5%
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Arabie saoudite
7.0%
Diplomatic alignment UNGA 2020-2024 · Bailey-Strezhnev-Voeten
Vote concordance with each power at UN General Assembly.
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USA
30%
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GBR
32%
-
FRA
36%
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DEU
36%
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RUS
60%
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CHN
65%
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IRN
64%
Abstention: 22%
Key treaties UN Treaty Collection · IAEA · ICRC · OPCW
-
✓
NPT
-
◐
CTBT
-
✗
TPNW
-
◐
Rome Statute
-
✓
Genocide
-
✓
Geneva
-
✗
Ottawa Mine Ban
-
✗
Oslo Cluster Munitions
-
◐
Arms Trade Treaty
-
✓
Paris Agreement
Political calendar Institute · Wikipedia · 2026-10-08
Upcoming
-
2030-12
Présidentielle
3e mandat al-Sissi (révision constit.)
Last election
-
2025-11-24
House of Representatives (2nd round)
Nation's Future Party 227 seats, Independents 105, Homeland Defenders Party 86 (of 568)
Result read from Wikipedia on 2026.10.08 (CC BY-SA)
- 2025-11-10
- 2025-08-27
- 2025-08-04
Last institutional rupture 2013 (al-Sissi renverse Morsi)
Society · human UNDP HDI 2023 · World Bank · WID · UNHCR 2025
HDI
0.754/1
Top 10% (wealth)
58.2 %
Gini
28.5
Refugees hosted
220,033
Refugees originating
23,763
Soudanais en hausse rapide depuis 2023
Disputed recognitions curé éditorial · UN Member States
Recognizes
- Palestine
Does not recognize
- Kosovo
National anthem
Bilady, Bilady
Alliances and organisations Institut · Wikidata
- Ligue arabe
- OCI
- Union africaine
- BRICS+
- UN
- BRICS
- WTO
- Francophonie (OIF)
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Global attention Wikipedia · 90 days
The country's Wikipedia article is usually read 5,838 times a day (French and English). On 2026.10.07: 8,235, or ×1.4.
French + English French usual level 2026.07.10 · 2026.10.07 Wikimedia statistics (CC0), human users
Sources and freshness
- Executive, government, parliament, anthem · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-10-08
- Economy · World Bank (CC BY 4.0) · 2025
- Indices and figures · V-Dem 2026 (OWID) · Freedom House 2026 (OWID) · Transparency International CPI 2025 · RSF 2026 · PNUD IDH 2025 (OWID) · Banque mondiale Gini 2021 · UNHCR 2025 · SIPRI 2026 (OWID) · read on 2026-10-08
- Memberships · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-10-08
- Political calendar · Institute and Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0) · 2026-10-08
- UN sanctions · Security Council consolidated list · list of 2026-10-07 · read on 2026-10-08
- Sanctions · US Treasury (OFAC), SDN and non-SDN lists · list of 2026-10-02 · read on 2026-10-08
- Sanctions · United Kingdom, UK Sanctions List (FCDO) · list of 2026-10-07 · read on 2026-10-08
- Sanctions · European Union, consolidated financial sanctions list · list of 2026-09-22 · read on 2026-10-08
- Institute dossier (sanctions, treaties, visits, capabilities) · as of 2026-05-01