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Iraq

IRQ · Asia

Iraq

Iraq, officially the Republic of Iraq, historically known in the west as Mesopotamia, is a country in West Asia. Located within the Middle East, it is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south, Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, the Persian Gulf and Kuwait to the southeast, Jordan to the southwest, and Syria to the west.

Summary from Wikipédia (CC BY-SA 4.0)

compare with…

Data refreshed on 2026.11.04 · source: Wikidata

Points to watch 2026.11.04

  • Alert

    Sanctions targeting the country: UN (1 regime, 74 listings), United States (2 regimes, 127 listings), United Kingdom (1 regime, 74 listings), European Union (1 regime, 76 listings). UN, OFAC, FCDO, EU · 2026.11.03

  • Context

    Hosts 3 foreign bases: Iran, Italy, Türkiye.

  • Context

    Not free according to Freedom House (score 31/100). Freedom House 2025

Drawn automatically from the file's layers, sources shown; no hand-written text. JSON

The Institute's composite reading

Crise

8.8 /10 risk

  • Security 8.5
  • Legitimacy 3.1
  • Economy 1.0
  • Diplomacy 0.0
  • Influence 0.3

Security: 0 stable → 10 unstable · others: 0 weak → 10 strong. Computed from V-Dem, FH, CPI, RSF, World Bank, SIPRI, sanctions.

State under international sanctions

  • UN Iraq · resolution 1518 · since 2003 · 65 people and 9 entities listed residual
  • United States 2 programmes · 127 listings: 113 people, 14 entities
  • EU 1 regime · 76 listings: 66 people, 10 entities
  • United Kingdom 1 regime · 74 listings: 65 people, 9 entities

UN list of 2026.11.03: 91 people and 6 entities linked to the country by nationality or a known address. Regimes: Iraq (69), ISIL (Da'esh) and Al-Qaida (28).

Listings linked to the country by nationality or address: United States 286 (list of 2026.10.27), United Kingdom 110 (list of 2026.11.03), EU 97 (list of 2026.10.23).

Capital
Baghdad
Population
46,118,793 inh.
Area
438,317 km²
Currency
IQD
Regime
federation

Executive in office

Head of State

Nizar Mohammed Saïd Amidi

since 2022.10.17 Union patriotique du Kurdistan

Head of Government

Mohammed Chia al-Soudani

since 2022.10.27 Parti islamique Dawa

Government in office · 4 members

Minister of Communications

Mustafa Jabar Sanad

since 2026.05.14

Minister of Environment of Iraq

Sarwa Abdulwahid

since 2026.05.14 New Generation Movement

Premier ministre d'Irak

Ali Falih Al-Zaidi

since 2026.05.14 indépendant

ministre de l'Électricité

علي سعدي وهيب

since 2026.05.14

Parliament

Conseil des représentants

329 seats

Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance Reconstruction and Development Alliance State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition State of Law Coalition Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Al-Sadiqoun Bloc Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Takadum Movement Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Kurdistan Democratic Party Badr Organization Badr Organization Badr Organization Badr Organization Badr Organization Badr Organization Badr Organization Badr Organization Badr Organization Badr Organization Badr Organization Badr Organization Badr Organization Badr Organization Badr Organization Badr Organization Badr Organization Badr Organization Alliance of Nation State Forces Alliance of Nation State Forces Alliance of Nation State Forces Alliance of Nation State Forces Alliance of Nation State Forces Alliance of Nation State Forces Alliance of Nation State Forces Alliance of Nation State Forces Alliance of Nation State Forces Alliance of Nation State Forces Alliance of Nation State Forces Alliance of Nation State Forces Alliance of Nation State Forces Alliance of Nation State Forces Alliance of Nation State Forces Alliance of Nation State Forces Alliance of Nation State Forces Alliance of Nation State Forces Patriotic Union of Kurdistan Patriotic Union of Kurdistan Patriotic Union of Kurdistan Patriotic Union of Kurdistan Patriotic Union of Kurdistan Patriotic Union of Kurdistan Patriotic Union of Kurdistan Patriotic Union of Kurdistan Patriotic Union of Kurdistan Patriotic Union of Kurdistan Patriotic Union of Kurdistan Patriotic Union of Kurdistan Patriotic Union of Kurdistan Patriotic Union of Kurdistan Patriotic Union of Kurdistan Azem coalition Azem coalition Azem coalition Azem coalition Azem coalition Azem coalition Azem coalition Azem coalition Azem coalition Azem coalition Azem coalition Azem coalition Azem coalition Azem coalition Azem coalition Al-Asas Al-Asas Al-Asas Al-Asas Al-Asas Al-Asas Al-Asas Al-Asas Ishraqat Kanoon Ishraqat Kanoon Ishraqat Kanoon Ishraqat Kanoon Ishraqat Kanoon Ishraqat Kanoon Ishraqat Kanoon Ishraqat Kanoon Tasmim Alliance Tasmim Alliance Tasmim Alliance Tasmim Alliance Tasmim Alliance Tasmim Alliance Babylon Movement Babylon Movement

Inception 2006

  • Reconstruction and Development Alliance RDC 46
  • State of Law Coalition 29
  • Al-Sadiqoun Bloc 27
  • Takadum Movement 27
  • Kurdistan Democratic Party KDP 26
  • Badr Organization 18
  • Alliance of Nation State Forces 18
  • Patriotic Union of Kurdistan PUK 15
  • Azem coalition 15
  • Al-Asas 8
  • Ishraqat Kanoon 8
  • Tasmim Alliance 6
1 more groups
  • Babylon Movement 2

Composition · Wikipedia (CC BY-SA) · 2026.11.04

Economic indicators World Bank · 2025

GDP

254 G$

2025 ↓ -9.0 % vs 2024

GDP / capita

5,410 $

2025 ↓ -10.9 % vs 2024

Growth

-2.2 %

2025 ↓ -0.6 pt vs 2024

Inflation

0.3 %

2025 ↓ -2.3 pt vs 2024

Unemployment

15.5 %

2025 ↑ +0.2 pt vs 2024

Debt / GDP

27.4 %

2018

Defense / GDP

2.4 %

2025 ↑ +0.2 pt vs 2024

Life expectancy

72.4 yrs

2024 ↑ +0.1 % vs 2023

Military bases Institute · Wikipedia

active rotational or scaled down uncertain closed or handed over foreign base on national soil

Register kept by the Institute, updated 2026.10.08; coordinates and links read from Wikipedia.

Foreign bases on national soil 3

  1. ·

    Popular Mobilization Forces

    Iran · Irak

    Allied forces

    Allied militias, no declared Iranian base.

  2. 1

    Coalition against the Islamic State

    Italy · Erbil

    Training · since 2014 · Wikipédia ↗

    The coalition mission in Iraqi Kurdistan was due to end in September 2026.

    Status uncertain
  3. 2

    Bashiqa camp and Kurdistan outposts

    Türkiye · Bachiqa, près de Mossoul

    Land · since 2015 · Wikipédia ↗

    Dozens of outposts against the PKK in northern Iraq.

Governance indices V-Dem 2025 · Freedom House 2026 · CPI 2025 · RSF 2026

Democracy (V-Dem)

0.37/1

#105 electoral autocracy 2025

Freedoms (Freedom House)

31/100

Not Free 2026

Corruption (CPI)

28/100

#1362025

Press freedom (RSF)

29/100

#1622026

Military posture SIPRI · 2025

Global spending rank

#40

SIPRI 2025

Annual budget

6.4 Md$

2025USD constants 2024

Defense effort

2.5 %PIB

2025

Strategic minerals USGS · production / réserves mondiales

  • #5 Pétrole (réserves) 2024

Trade dependencies OEC · UN Comtrade · 2023

Exports

102 Md$

Imports

80 Md$

Balance

22 Md$

Top exports

  • Pétrole brut

Top imports

  • Voitures

Export partners

Import partners

Diplomatic alignment UNGA 2020-2024 · Bailey-Strezhnev-Voeten

Vote concordance with each power at UN General Assembly.

  • USA 24%
  • GBR 26%
  • FRA 31%
  • DEU 31%
  • RUS 67%
  • CHN 76%
  • IRN 67%

Abstention: 22%

Political calendar Institute · Wikipedia · 2026-11-04

Last election

  • 2025-11-11

    Parliament

    Reconstruction and Development Coalition 46 seats, State of Law Coalition 29, Takadum 27 (of 329) · turnout 56.0%

    Result read from Wikipedia on 2026.11.04 (CC BY-SA)

Society · human UNDP HDI 2023 · World Bank · WID · UNHCR 2025

HDI

0.695/1

#1272023

Gini

29.8

low2023

Refugees hosted

322,345

UNHCR 2025

Refugees originating

270,671

UNHCR 2025

National anthem

Mawtini

Audio not available

Alliances and organisations Institut · Wikidata

  • UN
  • OPEC
  • Arab League
  • OIC

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Global attention Wikipedia · 90 days

The country's Wikipedia article is usually read 3,760 times a day (French and English). On 2026.11.03: 3,465, or ×0.9.

French + English French usual level 2026.08.06 · 2026.11.03 Wikimedia statistics (CC0), human users

Sources and freshness

  • Executive, government, parliament, anthem · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-11-04
  • Economy · World Bank (CC BY 4.0) · 2025
  • Indices and figures · V-Dem 2026 (OWID) · Freedom House 2026 (OWID) · Transparency International CPI 2025 · RSF 2026 · PNUD IDH 2025 (OWID) · Banque mondiale Gini 2023 · UNHCR 2025 · SIPRI 2026 (OWID) · read on 2026-11-04
  • Memberships · Wikidata (CC0) · 2026-11-04
  • Political calendar · Institute and Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0) · 2026-11-04
  • UN sanctions · Security Council consolidated list · list of 2026-11-03 · read on 2026-11-04
  • Sanctions · US Treasury (OFAC), SDN and non-SDN lists · list of 2026-10-27 · read on 2026-11-04
  • Sanctions · United Kingdom, UK Sanctions List (FCDO) · list of 2026-11-03 · read on 2026-11-04
  • Sanctions · European Union, consolidated financial sanctions list · list of 2026-10-23 · read on 2026-11-04
  • Institute dossier (sanctions, treaties, visits, capabilities) · as of 2026-05-01
  • Summary · Wikipédia (CC BY-SA 4.0)